Media-Specific Disinfection Surfaces and Air

Legal Issues 1) It is a violation of Federal law to use an EPA registered product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling. –Solution strength must be according to label –Applications must be on the label 2) It is a violation of Federal law for a manufacturer to make real or implied claims for efficacy against organisms which are not on the label. –Creates problems when we encounter: FMDV Anthrax Norwalk SARS Avian Influenza H5N1

Surface Disinfection = Inactivation in Place Surface Cleaning = Removal of Contaminants Commercial products frequently combine disinfection and cleaning. Some disinfectants have cleaning properties Recommendation (at least in clinical settings) clean with disinfectant to avoid spreading contamination Pre-Disinfect  Clean  Disinfect Surface Disinfection

Surfaces What surfaces might you need to disinfect? –Household Surfaces –Food and Food Prep Surfaces –Clinical Surfaces –Laboratory –Industrial –Farm –Other???

Concerns for Disinfection of Surfaces Disinfectant Type/Concentration/Formulation Contact Time Type of Organisms/Level of Disinfection Corrosivity and Other Surface Damage Toxicity/Residual Toxicity Other Residues Odor Type of Application and Rate

*In practice, the contaminating microorganisms are not usually known. Concerns for Disinfection of Surfaces pH Demand and Interfering Substances Temperature Water hardness Soil load Biofilm presence Surface microtopography Precleaning Relative humidity Compatibility Storage of Product/Product age

Clinical/Dental Surface Disinfectants

Farm Surfaces Virkon S (potassium peroxymonosulfate) Nolvasan S (chlorhexidine diacetate) Bleach (sodium hypochlorite) Spectrasol (quat) Alcohols (ethanol and Isopropanol, 70-95%) Roccal D (quats with bis-n-tributylin oxide)

Surface Disinfection In study by CRA Foundation –54 clinical surface disinfectants tested against TB and Polio with and without presence of Blood –7 passed: Household Chlorox (50:50) Industrial Chlorox (50:50) Biosurf Lysol I.C. Lysol II Spray Indi-wipes with Lysol

Ozone Surface Disinfection Up to 14 PPM 10GPM Onboard Ozone Analyzer With Alarms Exclusive Off-Gassing System Spray, Mist and Fog Applicators; Spray Arches Available Advertises a 3 Log Kill on First Application

UV Surface Disinfection Conveyor Belts Food Prep Surfaces Laboratory and Clinical Surfaces Sterilization of Packaging Mail Systems

Cleaning and Disinfection of Floors

Microbial Contamination of Mop Water

Disinfection of Food Surfaces

Chemical disinfection of Indoor Air Spraying –relatively large particles, which have a higher wetting capacity, but stay in the air for less time Misting –smaller particles that have increased penetration and uniformity Fumigation –combination of 2 or more chemicals producing a vaporised form of the disinfectant Thermal Fogging –similar to misting but involving heating of the disinfectant to produce a fine vapour

Chemical Disinfectants of Air Chlorine Dioxide Ozone VHP Formaldehyde Gluteraldehydes Quat mixtures Virkon (peroxy compound) Sporocidin (phenolic)

Air Disinfection Chemical Disinfection –Spray, mist, fog, fumigation UVGI Ionization/Electrostatic Precipitation –Only one that removes Photocatalytic oxidation

UV Air Disinfection Forced Air or HVAC Duct Systems Full Air Systems Upper Air Systems Re-circulating Systems Microbial Growth Control –On Filter Surfaces

UV Air Disinfection: Duct Systems Integrated in to HVAC System

UV Air Disinfection: Upper Air Originally designed for TB sanitariums

UV Air Disinfection: MGS