Aug 16, 2004 Coronal loops formed by separator reconnection: The birth & life of AR9574 Dana Longcope Montana State University.

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Presentation transcript:

Aug 16, 2004 Coronal loops formed by separator reconnection: The birth & life of AR9574 Dana Longcope Montana State University

Aug 16, 2004 Collaborators: Jonathan CirtainJonathan Cirtain Dave McKenzieDave McKenzie Jason ScottJason Scott Support: NASA grant NAG NASA grant NAG Isaac Newton Institute, Cambridge Isaac Newton Institute, Cambridge MSU

Aug 16, 2004 Outline What happened in Aug. 2001What happened in Aug Cataloging interconnectionsCataloging interconnections Making a magnetic modelMaking a magnetic model Interp’ing data w.r.t. the modelInterp’ing data w.r.t. the model What does it tell us about reconnectionWhat does it tell us about reconnection

Aug 16, 2004 Case study: AR 9574 SoHO MDI White light Line-of-sight B 2001 Aug 11, 11:15 UT

Aug 16, 2004 Case study: AR 9574 SoHO MDI White light Line-of-sight B AR9570 AR Aug 11, 11:15 UT

Aug 16, 2004 Case study: AR 9574 SoHO MDI White light Line-of-sight B AR9570 AR9570 AR9574 AR Aug 11, 11:15 UT

Aug 16, 2004 Case study: AR 9574 PHOTOSPHERE :51 UT AR9570 AR9574 movie

Aug 16, 2004 Case study: AR 9574 PHOTOSPHERE CORONA TRACE 171A (10 6 K Plasma) :51 UT movie

Aug 16, 2004 The emergence process whiteblack white black :51 UT :39 UT

Aug 16, 2004 Timeline of emergence 00:0012:0000:0012:00 Aug 10, 2001 Aug 11, :00 PHOTOSPHERE CORONA 7:34

Aug 16, 2004 Why this is reconnection Emerged flux Reconnected flux Old flux

Aug 16, 2004 Interconnecting loops: A catalog Synthetic slit TRACE 171 images: sec 7:00 Aug10 – 23:59 Aug11 BG subtracted

Aug 16, 2004 Stack slit pixels… Time after 00:00 Aug10 11:00 Aug10 11:00

Aug 16, 2004 Loops are bright features

Aug 16, 2004 Lots of loops:~9:00  14:00 Gen’lbright’g 1 st loop: 12:36

Aug 16, 2004 Finding the loops Identify peaks Identify peaks in slit-intensity in slit-intensity loop = hm loop = hm

Aug 16, 2004 Finding the loops Identify peaks Identify peaks in slit-intensity in slit-intensity loop = hm loop = hm

Aug 16, 2004 Finding the loops Show peaks vs. time Loop = row of peaks

Aug 16, 2004 Finding the loops Verify spatial correspond- ence w/ intercon’ing loops

Aug 16, 2004 Interconnecting loops: A catalog total loops 43 loops identified 1 st loop: (probably)interconnects loop:definitelyinterconnects loop flurry ~9:00 171A intensity

Aug 16, 2004 Interconnecting loops: A catalog properties of all 43 loops density lower bound

Aug 16, 2004 Magnetic Model Identify distinct regions with |B z | > 45 G SoHO MDI movie

Aug 16, 2004 Magnetic evolution

Aug 16, 2004

Coronal Field State of least energy: Potential Field

Aug 16, 2004 Coronal Field Includes connections AR9574 to AR9570 (P051  N01) …all under separatrix surface

Aug 16, 2004 Separatrices enclose loops

Aug 16, 2004 Coronal Field Inter-connecting lines enclosed by separator

Aug 16, 2004 Coronal Field Inter-connecting flux: Potential field: Increasing Increasing interconnection Increasing AR9574 P051

Aug 16, 2004 Flux in 171A loops Assumptions 1.Each loop is a field-line bundle (flux tube) 2.Loops/flux tubes : x-section 3.Loop track flux tube for entire life 4.No flux tube re-appears in 171 A

Aug 16, 2004 Flux in 171 A loops 1. Each loop is a field-line bundle (flux tube)

Aug 16, 2004 Flux in 171 A loops Cummulative loop areas loops Flux if B 0 = 30 G Y Flux in pot’l model

Aug 16, 2004 Reconnection observed Y Flux in pot’l model 24 hour delay Incompletereconnection Burst of reconnection Mx/sec = 100 MV

Aug 16, 2004 The story of the loops density lower bounds radiative cooling time (upper bound on life) life time  heating RTV equilibria

Aug 16, 2004 The story of the loops Yohkoh SXT TRACE 171 A 950,000 K ~3,000,000 K movie Loops are hot (~3MK) after reconnection… Gradually cool into TRACE pass-band (All of them?)

Aug 16, 2004 There were no flares Reconnection burst

Aug 16, 2004 Model of energy storage Unconstrained minimum: Flux Y=Y (v) linking poles 0 W pot W

Aug 16, 2004 Model of energy storage Constrain Flux Y & minimize energy… 0 W fce W pot W DWDWDWDW Flux Constrained Equilibrium (Longcope 2002)

Aug 16, 2004 Model of energy storage Lowest Energy w/ fixed Y: Flux Constrained Equilibrium (Longcope 2002) Current-free Current-free except … except …

Aug 16, 2004 Model of energy storage Flux Constrained Equilibrium (Longcope 2002) Current-free Current-free except … except … Current Sheet Current separator I ( DY ) I ( DY ) Mag. Energy Mag. Energy in excess of in excess of potential potential D W( DY ) D W( DY ) Lowest Energy w/ fixed Y:

Aug 16, 2004 Steady Reconnection? = 4 months Sweet-Parker:

Aug 16, 2004 Comparison of scales Sweet-Parker: c/ w pi riririri

Aug 16, 2004 Role(s) of Current Sheet Site of localized reconnection Mx of newly reconnected flux (1% of DY )

Aug 16, 2004 Role(s) of Current Sheet Mx of newly reconnected flux (1% of DY ) Releases D E ~ I Dy ~ ergs

Aug 16, 2004 Role(s) of Current Sheets 0 W fce W pot W DWDWDWDW Energy storage: W accumulates for 24 hrs. prior to reconn’ burst Rapidly released via local process

Aug 16, 2004 Summary 1.AR 9574: Example of reconnection between new & old active regions 2.Reconnection occurs in brief (6 hour) burst after delay of ~24 hours 3.Produces dozens of ~10 18 Mx loops 4.Observed flux accounts for 10% - 30% of maximum allowed (partial reconn.)