Axial Skeleton Martini Chapter 7 Lab Activity 8 Axial Skeleton Martini Chapter 7 Portland Community College BI 231

Axial Skeleton Skull Spine Thoracic Cage Hyoid bone

Cervical Spine 7 Vertebra C1-C7 Concave Posterior

Thoracic Spine 12 Vertebra T1-T12 Convex Posterior Attach to the ribs

Lumbar Spine 5 Vertebra L1-L5 Concave Posterior

Sacral Spine 5 Fused Vertebra “Sacrum”

Coccyx 4 Fused Vertebra

Intervertebral Foraminae

Intervertebral Disk

Annulus Fibrosus (Fibrocartilage)

Nucleus Pulposus

Cervical Vertebrae (C3-C7) Vertebral Foramen BODY

Cervical Vertebrae (C3-C7) Bifid Spinous Process

Cervical Vertebrae (C3-C7) Transverse Processes Transverse Foramen

Cervical Vertebrae (C3-C7) Superior Articular Process Superior Articular Facet

Cervical Vertebrae (C3-C7) Vertebral Arch

Cervical Vertebrae C1: Atlas Superior Articular Facet

Cervical Vertebrae C2: Axis Odontoid Process (Dens)

Cervical Vertebrae C1 & C2 Joined Together

Thoracic Vertebrae Spinous Process

Thoracic Vertebrae Costal Facets on the Transverse Process (for rib attachment)

Lumbar Vertebrae BODY

Sacrum 5 Fused Vertebrae

Sacrum Sacral Promontory

Sacrum Sacral Foramina

Sacroiliac Joints

Coccyx 4 Rudimentary Vertebrae

Hyoid Bone Greater Horn Lesser Horn BODY

Sternum Manubrium Sternal Angle Body Xiphoid Process

Ribs 1-7: True Ribs

Ribs 8-10: False Ribs

Ribs 11 & 12: Floating Ribs

Ribs

Ribs Attached to Thoracic Vertebrae

Costovertebral Angle

Supraorbital ridge Frontal Bone Frontal Bone Frontal Bone

Frontal Bone Frontal Sinus

Parietal Bone Parietal Bone

Parietal Bone Parietal Bone

Temporal Bone Temporal Bone

Temporal Bone Temporal Bone Temporal Bone

Temporal Bone External Acoustic Meatus Zygomatic Arch Mastoid Process Mandibular fossa Styloid Process

Temporal Bone Carotid Canal Jugular Foramen

Occipital Bone

Occipital Bone Occipital Condyles Foramen Magnum External occipital protuberance

Sphenoid Bone Lesser Wing Greater Wing Pterygoid Process Lateral Pterygoid Plate Medial Pterygoid Plate

Sphenoid Bone Sphenoidal Sinus Pterygoid Process

Sphenoid Bone Lesser Wing Greater Wing Sella Turcica

Sphenoid Bone Hypophyseal Fossa Dorsum Sella

Ethmoid Bone Crista Galli Perpendicular Plate

Ethmoid Bone Middle Nasal Conchae Perpendicular Plate

Ethmoid Bone Cristae Galli Cribriform Plate Perpendicular Plate

Cranium Floor Anterior Cranial Fossa Middle Cranial Fossa Posterior Cranial Fossa

Sagittal Suture Between the Right and Left Parietal bones Occipital Frontal Bone

Coronal Suture Between the Parietal bones and the Frontal Bone Temporal Bone Occipital Bone

Squamous Suture Between the Parietal bone and the Temporal Bone Frontal Bone Between the Parietal bone and the Temporal Bone Temporal Bone Occipital Bone

Lambdoid Suture Between the Parietal bones and the Occipital Bone Frontal Bone Between the Parietal bones and the Occipital Bone Temporal Bone Occipital Bone

Wormian (Sutural) Bones Small islands of bone that fill gaps in sutures. Present in varying amounts

Fetal Skull

Fetal Skull Superior View

Orbit

Maxilla Hard Palate

Mandible Ramus Angle Body Coronoid Process Mandibular Condyle Alveolar Process Ramus Angle Mental Foramen Body

Mandible Mandibular Foramen Mylohyoid Line

Palatine Bone Vomer

Zygomatic Bone Temporal Process Zygomatic Arch

Facial Bones

Facial Bones Middle Nasal Conchae (Ethmoid) Inferior Nasal Conchae Perpendicular Plate (Ethmoid) Vomer

Sinuses Ethmoid Air Cells Frontal Sphenoidal Maxillary

The End The End