EPA Solar Oven Project #05301 Critical Design Review May 13, 2005

2 Team Solar Oven Team Lead:Emma FultonISE Team Members:Josh BatesME Otman El AllamISE Natasha PrivorotskayaME Jon SteinerME

3 Agenda Project Mission Statement Needs Assessment and Requirements Materials Selection Testing Methodology Types of Solar Ovens Concept Development/Selection Three Generations and Their Performances Environmental Assessment Questions

4 Project Mission Statement Design, test, and build a low-cost solar oven for use in Latin American countries using locally available resources, mass production methods, and labor

5 Needs Assessment: Scope Limitations Design must be ultra low cost Design should only incorporate locally available resources, production methods, and labor Design should be mass-producible Design must be durable Design must be able to cook food and pasteurize water Design must be benchmarked against three commercially available units Thermal analysis must be conducted on prototypes

6 Ranking of Attributes

7 House of Quality- Part 1

8 Materials Selection* Main Construction Material Reflector Material Cover Material * CES Selector 4.5

9 Main Construction Material

10 Main Construction Material

11 Wood Selection Type of Wood Price (USD/lb) Density (lb/in 3 ) Thermal Expansion (µstrain/ºF) Particle Board MDF Plywood

12 Reflector and Cover Material Offset printing plates chosen for reflector Cost Reuse of waste material Acrylic chosen for cover material Durability

13 Testing Methodology Determine angle of reflectors Square One software Laser Testing Mimic sun’s energy Create indoor setup Calibrated solar cell Test prototypes outside Thermocouples

14 Three Main Types of Solar Ovens BoxPanelParabolic

15 Concept Development Homemade ~$10 Commercial: $120-$220

16 Generation I: Four Reflector Box $33.64 (Materials)

17 Generation I: Single Reflector Box $15.38 (Materials)

18 Generation I: Pyramid Reflector Box $19.65 (Materials)

19 Generation I Performance

20 Generation II-A Trip to Venezuela Fabricated 2 units Single-paned acrylic Double-paned acrylic Tested outdoors Performance Reached water pasteurization temperatures 65  C (149  F)

21 Expert Input Dr. Nandwani International Expert on Solar Cooking Materials and Designs Utilize glass not acrylic Suggested suitable insulation materials Optimal thicknesses Generation II-B Retrofitted Generation II-A unit

22 Generation II-B Performance

23 Generation III Thermal analysis Optimal insulation thickness Increased capacity for larger families Cost: $32.33

24 Generation III Performance

25 How did we do? One fourth the price of the cheapest commercial unit: $29.33 (materials + labor) vs. $ Full price, $32.33, includes a WAPI ($3) A device to tell if water has been pasteurized Reaches cooking and water pasteurization temperatures Uses 36% reuse materials

26 HOQ- How Did We Do?

27 Recommended Future Work Slant oven so more direct sunlight hits pot(s) Research optimal number of glass panes Explore sealants for weatherproofing Replace the main construction material, MDF, with a less dense material with similar or better thermal properties to reduce weight

28 SOS Solar Cooker vs. RIT Solar Cooker Life Cycle Impact (Characterization)

29 SOS Solar Cooker vs. Generation III 81% 67% 84%

30 Benefits of Solar Ovens If 1,000 solar ovens are used year-round by families of six, this would save approximately… FIREWOOD 17,000 Tons CO 2 6,300 Tons CO 300 Tons FUEL 9 Million Lbs

31 Thanks and Questions Thanks to: Dr. Carrano Dr. Thorn Dr. Mozrall Mr. Wellin Dr. Raffaelle Dr. Nandwani Carlos Plaz Chris Wood Questions?

32 Backup Materials Feasibility Assessment Indoor Test Cell

33 Feasibility Assessment: How Many Prototypes to Build

34 Feasibility Assessment: How Many Prototypes to Build

35 Indoor Test Cell