Hannes Snellman Attorneys Государственно-частное партнерство (”ГЧП”) Public-private partnership (”PPP”) Ингвар Зандер и Анатолий Суходолов Ingvar Zander.

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Hannes Snellman Attorneys Государственно-частное партнерство (”ГЧП”) Public-private partnership (”PPP”) Ингвар Зандер и Анатолий Суходолов Ingvar Zander & Anatoly Sukhodolov

Hannes Snellman Attorneys Государтсвенно-частное партнерство («ГЧП») не определено на уровне Европейского сообщества Public-private partnership (”PPP”) is not defined at EC level ГЧП может включать массу различных конструкций PPP can include many different structures В общем ГЧП означает формы взаимодействия между публичным сектором и бизнесом In general PPP refers to forms of cooperation between public authorities and the world of business Целью взаимодействия является финансирование, строительство, реконструкция, управление или обслуживание инфраструктуры либо оказание услуг The cooperation aims to ensure the funding, construction, renovation, management or maintenance of an infrastructure or the provision of a service

Hannes Snellman Attorneys Институциональные ГЧП (ИГЧП) предполагают создание организации совместно представителями публичного и частного секторов, целью которой является выполнение общественно полезных работ или оказание услуг, Institutionalised PPPs (”IPPPs”) involve the establishment of an entity held jointly by the public partner and the private partner which has the task to ensure the delivery of a work or service for the benefit of the public Либо создание организации только представителем частного сектора при условии, что публичное образование заключает с такой организацией соответствующий договор Or owned by the private partner with a contract signed between the entity and the public partner

Hannes Snellman Attorneys Относительно длительный срок Relatively long duration Проект хотя бы частично финансируется представителями частного сектора The project is, at least in part, funded by the private sector Представитель частного сектора играет ведущую роль, в то время как публичный сектор в основном определяет цели The private economic operator has an important role while the public partner concentrates primarily on the defining of the objectives to be obtained Риски, которые обычно несет публичный сектор, передаются представителю частного сектора Risks generally borne by the public partner are transferred to the private partner

Hannes Snellman Attorneys Типичная договорная схема Typical Contract Structure Орган публичной власти Public sector authority Проектная компания Project Company Займодавцы Lenders Договор займа Loan Agreement Концессионный договор Concession Contract Поставщик вспомогательных услуг Soft Services Provider Подрядчик по управлению объектом Facilities Management Contractor Строительный подрядчик Construction Contractor Договор на управление объектом Facilities Management Contract Договор строительного подряда Construction Contract Договор на оказание вспомогательных услуг Soft Services Contract Прямые договоры с займодавцами Lender Direct Agreements Суб-субконтракты Sub-sub-contracts Обеспечение в пользу публичного участника Authority Collateral Agreements

Hannes Snellman Attorneys Представитель частного сектора Private Sector Partner Местный орган государственной власти в сфере образования Local Education Authority Партнерства для школ Partnerships for Schools Партнер в сфере образования Local Education Partner Проектная компания 1 Project Company 1 Проектная компания 2 Project Company 2 Строительный подрядчик Building Contractor Субподрядчики Sub-Contractors Местный орган государственной власти в сфере образования Local Education Authority Договор строительного подряда/договор по управлению проектом, и т.д. Building Contract/Facilities Management Contract, etc. Договор о стратегическом партнерстве Strategic Partnering Agreement Концессионный договор Concession Contract Договор строительного подряда Construction Contract 10% 80%

Hannes Snellman Attorneys Орган по закупкам в сфере ж/д транспорта Railways Procurement Authority Поставщик подвижного состава Rolling Stock Provider Подрядчик Contractor Оператор Operator Инфраструктурная компания специального назначения Infrastructure SPV Поставщик подвижного состава Rolling stock Provider Строительный подрядчик Construction Contractor Договор на техническое обслуживание Maintenance Contract

Hannes Snellman Attorneys Публичный или концессионный договор? Public contracts or concession contracts? Договор о ГЧП как правило A PPP contract is typically a договор о выполнении общественно значимых работ, public works contract договор об оказании общественно значимых услуг, либо public service contracts, or концессионный договор concession contract Разные виды договоров подлежат различному правовому регулированию The different types of contracts are often subject to different rules of law

Hannes Snellman Attorneys Что дает повод для сомнений в гибкости договоров о ГЧП? What gives rise to concerns about flexibility in PPP contracts? Природа договора о ГЧП Nature of the PPP Contract: oдолгосрочность (20-30 лет) long term (20-30 years) oпроизводительность output based oфиксированная цена fixed price oопределенная матрица распределения риска defined risk allocation oдетализация и полнота detailed and comprehensive До заключения договора о ГЧП Before signing a PPP Contract oорган публичной власти должен четко и ясно определить услуги public sector authority to produce clear and accurate specification of services oдолжен учесть заранее предвидимые изменения требований must consider foreseeable changes in requirements oэффективность расходования средств value for money oконкуренция и инновации в частном секторе private sector competition and innovation oисследование проекта финансовой организацией lender due diligence

Hannes Snellman Attorneys Процедура внесения изменений Change procedure oСодержится в каждом договоре о ГЧП Contained in every PPP contract oЕдиный стандарт для всех юрисдикций Standard across jurisdictions  Любая стороны вправе требовать изменений Either party can request change  Право проектной компании возражать против изменений ограничено Limited right to object for project company  Сторона, по инициативе которой вносятся изменения, несет соответствующие расходы Party requesting change bears cost  Публичный участник несет ответственность за финансирование капитальных затрат при изменении условий договора Authority to fund capital expenditure costs of its changes  Изменения размера операционных расходов осуществляется через величину платы за оговоренный уровень услуг Changes in operating expenditure addressed through unitary charge  Принцип стабильности No better/no worse principle  Cover ratios Норма покрытия  Эффективность расходования средств Value for money  Конкурентные торги Competitive tenders  Распределение риска Risk allocation

Hannes Snellman Attorneys  Одобрение финансовой организации Lender rights of approval  Эффективная система внесения существенных изменений Generally effective for significant changes  Неудобная система для внесения незначительных изменений Unwieldy for small low value changes oПроцедура внесения изменений переносится в субконтракты Change procedures backed into Sub-contracts oМеханизм оплаты Payment mechanism  Платеж за доступность Availability payment  Платеж, основывающийся на объеме спроса Demand based payment  Платежи от пользователей Third-party revenues  Платежи за превышение установленных показателей Success based payments

Hannes Snellman Attorneys oСрок договора oContract duration  Зависит от вида имущества и продолжительности его жизни Tailored to asset nature and life  Основные средства  Capital assets  Проекты, основанные на оказание услуг  Service based projects  Расторжение по соглашению сторон Voluntary termination  Основания для расторжения договора  Break points  Частичное расторжение  Partial termination oОперационная гибкость для проектной компании oOperational flexibility for project company  Платежи в зависимости от продуктивности  Output based payments  Контроль со стороны публичного сектора  Public sector monitoring rights  Требования по устранению нарушений  Rectificaiton requirements oПроведение опроса пользователей / непрерывное улучшение oUser satisfaction surveys/continuous improvement oПроверка эффективности расходования денежных средств Value for money reviews