Steven George Sr. Delivery Manager Mark Fuller Sr. Pr. Instructor Rick Pandya Pr. Instructor JF Verrier Pr. Curriculum Developer Oracle Corporation

Oracle Database 10 g : Managing the Self- Managing Database

Objectives Understanding the self-management capabilities of Oracle Database 10 g Customizing the self-management capabilities of Oracle Database 10 g

Manageability Goal Automatic versus Manual Intelligence versus Data ½ Cost Adaptive versus Oversized Integrated versus Third Party Preventive versus Corrective Act and Succeed versus Trial and Error Reduce Administration Cost Reduce Capital Expenditure Reduce Failure Cost

How DBAs Spend Their Time Load Data 6% Maintain Software 6% Install 6% Create and Configure 12% Manage Database System 55%

Database Management Challenges Application and SQL Management Storage Management Backup and Recovery Management System Resource Management Space Management ?????

Solution: Self-Managing Database Application and SQL Management Storage Management Backup and Recovery Management System Resource Management Space Management FixAdvise AlertMonitor Common Manageability Infrastructure Automatic Management Enterprise Manager Database Console

Common Manageability Infrastructure: Automatic Workload Repository Automatic Workload Repository Server Alerts Automated Tasks Advisory Framework Data Warehouse of the Database Automatic collection of important statistics Direct memory access AutomaticProactive Efficient

Automatic Workload Repository SGA In-memory statistics AWR Statistics ASH SYSAUX MMON 7:00 a.m. 7:30 a.m. 8:00 a.m. WR Schema Snapshot 1 Snapshot 2 Snapshot 3 Snapshot 4 8:30 a.m. 8:30am ADDM finds top problems BG … FG … DBA Seven days

Statistics Level STATISTICS_LEVEL BASICTYPICALALL Recommended default value Additional statistics for manual SQL diagnostics Turn off all self-tuning capabilities

Configuring The Workload Repository

Manually Creating Snapshots

Database Feature Usage Metric Collection MMON DB Feature Usage Statistics DB High-Water Mark Statistics Advanced Replication, Oracle Streams, AQ, Virtual Private Database, Audit options, … size of largest segment, maximum number of sessions, maximum number of tables, maximum size of the database, maximum number of data files, … DBA_FEATURE_USAGE_STATISTICSDBA_HIGH_WATER_MARK_STATISTICS Oracle Database 10g AWR HOST CONFIGURATION INFO EM Repository: ECM EM Console Once a week

Common Manageability Infrastructure: Server Alerts Automatic Workload Repository Server Alerts Automated Tasks Advisory Framework Enabled by default Timely generation Push model AutomaticProactive Efficient

Server Alerts Oracle Server (SGA) Server Alerts Queue Enterprise Manager Server monitors itself MMON AWR Automatic Notification Guided Resolution

Server Alerts Delivery Process Advanced Queue Queue Subscribing Clients FG BG Push Third Party Console Update Page or DBAs EM (EMD)

Alert Server-Generated Alert Types MMON 85% Warning 97% CriticalAlertCleared Threshold Alerts Non- Threshold Alerts Metric-Based Event-Based Alert Snapshot Too Old Resumable Session Suspended Recovery Area Low On Free Space

Out-of-the-box Alerts Resumable Session Suspended Snapshot Too Old Recovery Area Low On Free Space Tablespace 85% Warning 97% Critical Tablespace Space Usage Locally Managed

EM Interface to Alerts

Setting Alert Thresholds

Common Manageability Infrastructure: Automated Tasks Automatic Workload Repository Server Alerts Automated Tasks Advisory Framework Pre-packaged routine maintenance tasks Resource usage controlled Statistics collection task scheduled out-of-the-box AutomaticProactive Efficient

Automatic Optimizer Statistics Collection Automatic statistics collection DBA tracks and gathers statistics Resolves two issues Targets right objects Determines right samples

Gather Statistics Job AUTO_TASKS_JOB_CLASS AUTO_TASKS_CONSUMER_GROUP gather_stats_job WEEKNIGHT_WINDOW 10pm–6am Mon to Fri MAINTENANCE_WINDOW_GROUP WEEKEND_WINDOW 12am Sat to 12am Mon

Adding New Tasks Using EM

D E M O N S T R A T I O N Creating Automated Tasks

Common Manageability Infrastructure: Advisory Framework Automatic Workload Repository Server Alerts Automated Tasks Advisory Framework Uniform interfaceFully integrated AutomaticProactive Efficient

Advisory Framework ADDM SQL Tuning Access Memory Space PGA SGA Segment Advisor Undo Buffer Cache Shared Pool Seamless integration AWR Common data source

Guided Tuning Session Create an advisor task Adjust task parameters Accept results? Implement recommendations YesNo Perform analysis Enterprise Manager Database Console

Advisory Central

Solution: Self-Managing Database Application and SQL Management Storage Management Backup and Recovery Management System Resource Management Space Management FixAdvise AlertMonitor Common Infrastructure Automatic Management Enterprise Manager Database Console

Performance Monitoring Solutions Snapshots ADDM ADDM Results MMON Alerts In-memory statistics AWR SGA Reactive Monitoring Proactive Monitoring within Oracle Server DBA

ADDM Performance Monitoring Snapshots ADDM MMON In-memory statistics AWR SGA ADDM Results EM 30 minutes ADDM Results

System Wait RAC Waits IO Waits Concurrency Buffer Busy Parse Latches Buf Cache latches Root CausesSymptoms ADDM Problem Classification System … … … … … … … … Non-problem areas

Accessing ADDM Advice

ADDM Recommendations

Performance Monitoring Solutions Snapshots ADDM ADDM Results MMON Alerts In-memory statistics AWR SGA Reactive Monitoring Proactive Monitoring within Oracle Server DBA

Performance Management Approach CPU/Waits SQLSessions Host Oracle CPU BottlenecksMemory Bottlenecks Uses ASH and AWR

EM Product Layout Enterprise-wide Console Page Target Databases Page Database Home Page Database Performance Page Drilldowns SQLSession

Database Performance Page

Concurrency Wait Class: Drill Down

Solution: Self-Managing Database Application and SQL Management Storage Management Backup and Recovery Management System Resource Management Space Management FixAdvise AlertMonitor Common Infrastructure Automatic Management Enterprise Manager Database Console

Automate the SQL Tuning Process DBA ADDM SQL Tuning Advisor High-load SQL SQL Workload I can do it for you!

SQL Tuning Advisor Overview Add Missing Index Run Access Advisor Restructure SQL Plan Tuning (SQL Profile) Automatic Tuning Optimizer SQL Analysis Optimization Mode Access Analysis Optimization Mode Plan Tuning Optimization Mode Statistics Check Optimization Mode Detect Stale or Missing Statistics Comprehensive SQL Tuning SQL Tuning Advisor

Plan Tuning Flow Optimizer (Tuning Mode) create submit output SQL Profile Database Users Well-Tuned Plan SQL Tuning Advisor use No application code change Optimizer (Normal Mode)

SQL Tuning Advisor Usage Model SQL Tuning Advisor ADDMHigh-load SQL Cursor Cache STS Custom Filter/Rank Sources Manual Selection Automatic Selection AWR DBA AWR

D E M O N S T R A T I O N Resolving Performance Problems

Solution: Self-Managing Database Application and SQL Management Storage Management Backup and Recovery Management Space Management FixAdvise AlertMonitor Common Infrastructure Automatic Management Enterprise Manager Database Console System Resource Management

Overview of Automatic Shared Memory Management Java Pool Database Buffer Cache Redo Log Buffer Shared Pool Large Pool SGA Fixed SGA Automatically set the optimal size MMAN

Benefits of Automatic Shared Memory Management DB_CACHE_SIZE SHARED_POOL_SIZE LARGE_POOL_SIZE JAVA_POOL_SIZE Total SGA size SGA_TARGET

Using EM to Configure Automatic Shared Memory Management

D E M O N S T R A T I O N Automating Memory Management

Solution: Self-Managing Database Application and SQL Management Storage Management Backup and Recovery Management System Resource Management FixAdvise AlertMonitor Common Infrastructure Automatic Management Enterprise Manager Database Console Space Management

Data Segment Shrink Overview HWM Shrink Operation Data Unused Space Reclaimed Space Online and in-place Data

How Can I Shrink Segments? ALTER TABLE employees SHRINK SPACE CASCADE; ALTER … SHRINK SPACE [CASCADE] TABLEINDEXMATERIALIZED VIEWMATERIALIZED VIEW LOG MODIFY PARTITIONMODIFY LOB ALTER TABLE employees ENABLE ROW MOVEMENT; 1 2 MODIFY SUBPARTITION

Segment Advisor

Growth Trend Report

D E M O N S T R A T I O N Proactively Managing Space

Segment Resource Estimation

Automatic Undo Retention Tuning Proactive tuning –Undo retention is tuned for longest-running query. –Query duration information is collected every 30 seconds. Reactive tuning –Undo retention is gradually lowered under space pressure. –Oldest unexpired extents are used first. Enabled by default

D E M O N S T R A T I O N Using Automatic Undo Retention Tuning

Undo Advisor

Redo Logfile Size Advisor

Solution: Self-Managing Database Application and SQL Management Storage Management System Resource Management Space Management FixAdvise AlertMonitor Common Infrastructure Automatic Management Enterprise Manager Database Console Backup and Recovery Management

Automatic Backup (DBCA Setup)

Optimized Incremental Backup Optimizes incremental backups Tracks which blocks have changed since last backup Oracle Database 10g has integrated change tracking. New Change Tracking File is introduced. Changed blocks are tracked as redo is generated. Database backup automatically uses changed block list. List of Changed Blocks Redo Generation Redo Log Change Tracking File SGA

Defining Flash Recovery Area

Flash Recovery Area Space Management Disk limit is reached and a new file needs to be written into the Recovery Area. 1 2 Backup files to be deleted Database file backup Warning is issued to user. Recovery Area Space pressure occurs. RMAN updates list of files that may be deleted. Oracle deletes files that are no longer required on disk.

Suggested Strategy

Flashback Error Correction Flashback Database –Restore database to time –Uses flashback logs Flashback Drop –Restore dropped table –Uses recycle bin Flashback Table –Restore all rows in table to time –Uses UNDO in database Flashback Transaction Query –Query a committed Txn Flashback Versions Query –Query changes to rows over time Order Order Line Database Customer

Solution: Self-Managing Database Application and SQL Management Backup and Recovery Management System Resource Management Space Management FixAdvise AlertMonitor Common Infrastructure Automatic Management Enterprise Manager Database Console Storage Management

What Is Automatic Storage Management Database Tablespace Segment Extent ASM manages Oracle files. ASM solves management problems of Oracle databases. ASM does not replace existing concepts.

Hierarchy Tablespace Segment Extent Oracle block Data file Physical block ASM disk group ASM disk ASM file Allocation unit File system file or raw device Database Or

ASM Benefits Reduces administration complexity Reduces the cost of managing storage Supports RAC Improves performance, scalability, and reliability

ASM General Architecture ASM Instance SID=ant ASM Instance SID=bee ASM Disks ASM Diskgroup TomASM Diskgroup DickASM Diskgroup Harry DB Instance SID= sales DB Instance SID= sales OSMB FG Node2 Node1 Group Services tom=ant dick=ant Group Services harry=bee DBW 0 OSMB RBAL ORB 0 ORB n … ORB 0 ORB n … OSMB RBAL DB Instance SID=test DB Instance SID=test

ASM Files Database file ASM file automatically spread inside disk group dgroupA CREATE TABLESPACE sample DATAFILE '+dgroupA'; Automatic ASM file creation

SQL Statements Issued to ASM Instances ASM Instance CREATE DISKGROUP ALTER DISKGROUPDROP DISKGROUP ALTER SYSTEM RESTRICTED SESSION

Enterprise Manager and ASM

D E M O N S T R A T I O N Using Automatic Storage Management

How Oracle Database 10 g DBAs Spend Their Time Load Data 3% Maintain Software 3% Install 3% Create and Configure 6% Manage Database System 25% Proactive and Strategic Planning 50+%

Summary Oracle Database 10 g ’s self-management capabilities work out-of-the-box. Customization of Oracle Database 10 g ’s self-management capabilities can be done through Enterprise Manager. Oracle Database 10 g is a self-managing database which reduces administration overhead and enables DBAs to become proactive strategists.

A Q & Q U E S T I O N S A N S W E R S

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