HEARING MUSICAL ACOUSTICS Science of Sound Chapter 5.

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HEARING MUSICAL ACOUSTICS Science of Sound Chapter 5

MUSICAL ACOUSTICS

RANGE OF HEARING

OUTER, MIDDLE, AND INNER EAR

THE COCHLEA

THE EAR MIDDLE EAR: THE OSSICLES

RESPONSE OF THE BASILAR MEMBRANE TO A PAIR OF TONES AS THE INTERVAL DECREASES THEIR RESPONSE CURVES SHOW INCREASING OVERLAP

CRITICAL BANDWIDTH CONSTANT AT LOW FREQUENCY BUT PROPORTIONAL TO f AT HIGH FREQUENCY

EAR FUNCTION

SOUND SOURCE LOCALIZATION

PRECEDENCE EFFECT (Also called “Haas effect” or “Law of the first wave front”) THE SOURCE IS PERCEIVED TO BE IN THE DIRECTION FROM WHICH THE FIRST SOUND ARRIVES, PROVIDED THAT: 1.Successive sounds arrive within ~ 35 ms; 2.Successive sounds have spectra and time envelopes similar to the first sound; 3. Successive sounds are not too much louder than the first sound.

LINEAR LOGARITHMIC

LOGARITHMS AND POWERS OF TEN

PRACTICE PROBLEMS (no calculator, please) 2.1x x10 -2 = 3.0x10 8 /300 = log 8 = log 2x10 7 = log ½ = log 1/5 = log 200 = log 400 = log 500 =

SOLUTIONS TO PRACTICE PROBLEMS 2.1x x10 -2 = = x10 8 /300 = 10 6 log 8 = log 2 3 = 3 log 2 = log 2x10 7 = log 2 + log 10 7 = log ½ = -log 2 = log 1/5 = log 2/10 = = log 200 = log 2 + log 100 = log 400 = log 2 + log 2 + log 100 = 2602 log 500 = log 1000 – log 2 = 3 – = 2.699

DEPENDENCE OF SUBJECTIVE QUALITIES OF SOUND ON PHYSICAL PARAMETERS