Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals

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Presentation transcript:

Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals Chemistry PowerPoint # 2

3 types of elements Metals Metalloids Nonmetals

Metals Metal – an element that is a good electrical conductor and a good heat conductor. 4 Physical properties of metals Malleable – can be pounded into shapes Ductile – can be pulled out into long wires Metallic luster – silver grey Hardness – varying hardness

What is a good conductor?

Malleable Malleable – ability to be pounded into shapes.

Ductile Ductile – ability to be drawn out into a thin wire. http://penforhire.files.wordpress.com/2007/08/2231-stripped-ground-wire.jpg http://www.almaskaran-co.com/en/images/EPQ_Wire.jpg http://shop.rabtron.co.za/catalog/images/EnamelCopperWire.jpg

Metallic Luster Most metals have a silver/grey luster (or shine) Gold (Au) and Copper (Cu) – yellow/reddish brown luster http://www.mineralminers.com/html/pytm165b.jpg http://depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu/geology/core332/images/graphite.jpg

Hardness Hardness varies Some can be cut with a butter knife Others are VERY hard Most metals have a high melting point – meaning they are solids at room temp. Mercury (Hg) is the only exception (liquid) http://www.reuk.co.uk/OtherImages/mercury.jpg

Metal Chemical Properties http://metaldetectingworld.com/secrets_cleaning_coins/jetton_uncleaned.jpg http://www.channel4.com/4homes/images/mb/Channel4/4homes/cleaning/Stains/Rust/rust-1-lg.jpg http://cn1.kaboodle.com/hi/img/2/0/0/85/5/AAAAAlo573QAAAAAAIVQkg.jpg?v=1194183634000 Reactivity – ability of an element to undergo a chemical change, heat is released. Na and K very reactive, quickly react (Group 1) Au and Cr not very reactive, react slowly Corrosion – deterioration of metals due to reaction with oxygen (Ex. Rust, tarnish)

http://intro.chem.okstate.edu/1314F00/Lecture/Chapter2/Lec2113.gif Metalloids Metalloids – elements with some characteristics of metals and others of nonmetals. All are solid at room temp Used as semiconductors found in electronics http://technicallyphilly.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/semiconductors.jpg http://allsemiconductors.info/images/semiconductors/semiconductors_385x261.jpg

Nonmetals Nonmetal – a poor conductor of heat and electricity. (Opposite of a metal) Most are gases at room temperature (low boiling point) A few solids (C, I) – very brittle One liquid (Br) http://allperiodictables.com/ClientPages/AAEpages/AAEpix/Noble_grays.jpg