Oil Reserves Gas Reserves Oil Production Oil Imports Oil Exports Oil Consumption Saudi Arabia21.58%4.08%11.85%-16.28%3.49% Iraq9.28%2.00%3.36%-5.23%0.67% United Arab Emirates8.06%3.86%3.34%-4.72%0.91% Kuwait7.96%0.96%2.85%-3.33%1.15% Iran7.40%14.77%4.91%-5.83%1.92% Qatar1.25%9.24%1.13%-1.72%0.25% Other1.00%1.08%2.59%1.53%3.92%1.36% Middle East56.53%35.99%30.03%1.53%41.03%9.74% North America17.73%4.59%19.84%25.37%7.52%29.03% Europe1.62%3.69%9.19%31.63%12.98%18.75% Central & South America8.13%4.55%9.33%4.92%7.85%7.83% Asia & Oceania3.19%8.10%10.52%33.21%5.68%24.66% Russia4.95%30.54%8.72%0.29%7.96%4.78% Kazakhstan0.74%1.18%0.93%0.05%1.32%0.28% Azerbaijan0.58%0.55%0.37%-0.27%0.23% Uzbekistan0.05%1.20%0.20%-- Turkmenistan0.04%1.29%0.20%0.03%0.07%0.18% Other0.06%0.73%0.18%1.20%0.32%0.63% Former USSR6.41%35.49%10.60%1.57%9.93%6.31% Africa6.38%7.60%10.49%1.77%15.01%3.68% How Much? Reserves, Production, Imports, Exports and Consumption in 2000

MemberProduction OPEC total Saudi Arabia8.08 (4Q 2003) Iran3.70 (4Q 2003) Russia7.65 (2002)/ 8.2 (est. 2003) Mexico3.6 (2002) Norway3.25 (est. 2003) Data from EIA Country Reports Slide 2 Oil Production, Million Bbl/Day

“Happiness is… multiple pipelines” Baku-Supsa Oil Pipeline 50,000 B/day Existing Soviet Oil Pipelines “Chechen Loop” Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Pipeline (BTC) 1,000,000 B/Day Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC) Iran “Swap” 500,000 B/Day

External Debt as %GDP, 1998 External Debt as % GDP, 2000 Energy as %of Exports, 1998 Energy as % of Exports, 2001 Kazakhstan Azerbaijan Turkmenistan64.6rising Russia The Rise of the Post-Soviet Petro State