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New urban spatial formats: Challenges for measurement Major shifts in the scales, spaces and contents of economic activity are engendering novel spatial formats: global cities and megaregions. These new spatial formats also call for new statistical and quantitative measurements for all the basic components of these new spatial formats
Urban areas have always been difficult to measure But measuring the components of global cities and megaregions poses especially difficult issues: Global cities: Rapidly growing share of their economy and population are circulating in and out. A megaregion includes cities, suburbs, metropolitan areas, administrative regions.
Measurement difficulties: global cities Core components of the economy are part of larger transnational operations: the global city under study is just one moment of a firm’s or a market’s components Example: global finance: - operates largely in electronic space - before we can measure how it fits into a city’s economy, we need to understand how a financial center (territorial) matters to global electronic finance.
Measurement difficulties: Megaregions Emerging spaces: thus identifying the boundary will require far more projection of future trends in all the key economic sectors of a region, than has been typical. Furthermore, it requires dealing with the potentially very diverse types of measurements that a given country has developed for different territorial units –cities, suburbs, metropolitan areas, administrative regions. Megaregions cut across diverse administrative units but incorporate only part of each.
Taken from Urbanage.net..
Density - Mumbai
Taken from Urbanage.net Density - NYC
Taken from Urbanage.net Density - Shanghai
Taken from Urbanage.net Density - London
Taken from Urbanage.net Density - Mexico City
Taken from Urbanage.net Density - Johannesburg
Density and Travel to Work
Residential Density
New York
Shanghai
London
Mexico
Johannesburg
Berlin
Travel to Work
New York
Shanghai
London
Mexico
Johannesburg
Berlin
London (Population)
London (Workplace)
Greater London (Commuter Flows)
Sao Paulo (Population)
Sao Paulo (Workplace)
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Overall Ranking: WCOC Index, Top 20
Indicator 3: Ease of Doing Business Subindicators Starting a Business Employing Workers Getting Credit Closing a Business Conventions/Exhibitions/ Meetings Conventions/Exhibitions /Meetings Banking Services Ease of Entry and Exit Investor Protection Corporate Tax Burden Contract Enforcement
Ease of Doing Business: Top 20
Indicator 4: Financial Dimension Subindicators Financial Services Network: Banking/Financial Services Companies Insurance Companies Investment/Securities Firms Total Value of Equities Trading Total Value of Bond Trading Total Number of Derivatives Contracts Total Number of Commodities Contracts
Financial Dimension: Top 20
Indicator 5: Business Center Dimension Subindicators Traffic Through City Ports Air Passenger and Aircraft Traffic Through City Airports Air Cargo Traffic Through City Airports International Air Passenger Traffic Through City Airports Volume of Commercial Real Estate Development
Business Center Dimension: Top 20
Knowledge Creation and Information Flows: Top 20
Overall Ranking: WCOC Index