PSYCHOLOGY AS SCIENCE What is Science? What Kinds of Questions Can Science Address?What Kinds of Questions Can Science Address? How Does Science Compare.

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Presentation transcript:

PSYCHOLOGY AS SCIENCE What is Science? What Kinds of Questions Can Science Address?What Kinds of Questions Can Science Address? How Does Science Compare to Other Ways of Knowing?How Does Science Compare to Other Ways of Knowing? What are the Goals of Psychological Science? What is a Scientific Theory?

What is Science? A method for answering questions using systematically collected, verifiable data What is systematic? What is verifiable?

What Kinds of Questions Can Science Address? A scientific hypothesis must be: – Falsifiable – Precise – Rational – Parsimonious

How Does Science Compare to Other Ways of Knowing? Other ways of knowing: – Intuition – Superstition – Authority – Tenacity – Rationalism – Empiricism

How Does Science Compare to Other Ways of Knowing? Science provides an objective way to settle disputes. Science is self-correcting. Science cannot address all questions. Scientific conclusions lack certainty.

Goals of Psychological Science Describe behavior Predict behavior Explain behavior

Goals of Psychological Science Basic Research – seek knowledge; develop and test theories Applied Research – apply results to real-world situations and problems

What is a Scientific Theory? An organized system of claims that offers an explanation for a set of phenomena Theories make claims about how constructs are related. Theories vary in how well they are supported by the evidence.