Expedition Overview NSF Site Visit, June 2010 Nick McKeown Stanford University POMI 2020

Outline How our Expedition started The rise of the handheld computer Handhelds need good infrastructure Barriers to innovation The POMI Research Agenda Our team Research Highlights and Self Assessment Today’s agenda 2

POMI Expedition Launch You are here Guru joins as Exec Dir Preparation NSF Reverse Site-Visit POMI Program Clean Slate Program formed Seed iPhone SDK Android + Google $4.6B “open” spectrum bid

The rise of the handheld computer Some trends were obvious: – For billions of people, a handheld is their first and only computer; their first access to the Internet – New applications, new populations of users – Data and computation will move to the cloud – We will increasingly… Depend on our handheld devices Care what happens if we lose them Be concerned with our privacy Want to preserve and control battery life 4

Handhelds need good Infrastructure It suggested a research agenda Handhelds: 1.Give users more control of energy usage 2.Improve the security of the OS and applications 3.Make it easier to develop applications for new populations Infrastructure: 1.Improve our connectivity to the cloud 2.Improve the privacy of our data in the cloud 3.Allow us to offload computation to the cloud 5

A second thread: Barriers to Innovation The infrastructure – Big brother portals grabbing more of our data – …and locking us in to few applications – Network and cellular industries closed, with big barriers to entry  slow innovation – Wireless capacity abundant, but off-limits – On its own, industry won’t address our concerns – We should try 6

Four barriers to innovation 1.Big brother portals increasingly own our data 2.…and limit the applications we can run 3.There is abundant wireless capacity around us, but it is closed and unavailable 4.The network infrastructure is closed and will remain ossified 7

Putting it all together 8 What happens when I lose my handheld? How can I use all the wireless capacity around me? How can I protect my data on a big-brother portal? How can I choose the cloud applications I run on my data? Are the limitations technical or economic? How can I make a handheld easier to interact with? How can my handheld help me understand the world? How can I conserve my battery? Operating Systems Low-power computing Networking Radio technology Tech for Education Economics Distributed Systems Video streaming HCI

POMI Research Agenda Applications Data & Computing Substrate PrPl, Junction and Concierge Radio technology Economics Cinder: Energy aware, secure OS Secure mobile browser UI HW Platform Network Substrate Software Defined Network & OpenFlow Handheld Infrastructure

POMI Research Agenda Applications Data & Computing Substrate PrPl, Junction and Concierge Radio technology Economics Cinder: Energy aware, secure OS Secure mobile browser UI HW Platform Network Substrate Software Defined Network & OpenFlow Infrastructure Handheld

What we found ourselves talking a lot about… 11 Choice & Competition Choice & Competition Innovation Choice of – Data-location – Wireless network – Spectrum Lack of innovation – Network Openness

Approach & Strategy Start with the POMI Research Agenda Understand and do research on technical challenges Understand and identify strategies to change the practice – This is unusual, but most fitting for an Expedition Where relevant: – Build open platforms for innovation – Make them available to others 12

POMI Team Networking Radio Economics OS Security HCI Applications Education Dan Boneh Monica Lam David Mazières Mendel Rosenblum Phil Levis Roy Pea Scott Klemmer Arogyaswami Paulraj Nick McKeown Ramesh Johari John Mitchell Fouad Tobagi Paul Kim Distributed Systems Guru Parulkar John Ousterhout + 67 graduate students Departments of EE, CS, MS&E and School of Education Sachin Katti Bernd Girod Leo Guibas Jeff Heer

Research Highlights Mobile Handheld – Created Cinder: An open source energy-aware secure OS micro-kernel – Addressed security problems with mobile browsers and applications Mobile Applications – Created visual interactive applications exploiting new devices, 3G/4G networks, and POMI platforms – Examples include image-web, visual search, mobile augmented reality Radio – Progress towards radios beyond 4G – Interference mitigation, cooperating network coding, MIMO channel modeling Network Economics – New insight into economic implications of network horizontalization 14

Research Highlights Data & computing substrate for mobile social computing – Architecture: three key paradigms of social interactions enabled by safe-haven of data and interactions – Experimental platforms and applications for privacy-protected mobile social computing – Building a community around an open mobile social API Networking substrate: SDN/OpenFlow Wireless – Designed and prototyped SDN platform – Validated with multiple research experiments – Extended to radio-independent mobile wireless networks – Early demonstrations of giving users choice of network(s) – New research agenda for virtualizing radio network 15

Education and Broadening Participation Bringing POMI2020 research to 10+ classes Attracting great students to Stanford because of POMI Attracting underrepresented groups to the program Taking mobile technologies to underrepresented groups – PocketSchool, PISA, PISILAN, design-based learning – Helping students with learning – Prototyped and experimenting with voice-based social media for rural developing regions – Learning from the experience 16

POMI Expedition Management External Advisory Board Siavash Alamouti Vodafone Bob Iannucci ex Nokia Larry Peterson Princeton Bill Raduchel ex AOL Rick Rashid Microsoft Andy Rubin Android/Google Stefan Savage UCSD Scott Shenker Berkeley Steve Trilling Symantec Hal Varian Google/Berkeley Faculty Steering Group – Dan Boneh – Monica Lam – A. Paulraj – Mendel Rosenblum Executive Director Faculty Director Guru Parulkar Nick McKeown

How we organize Weekly POMI Meetings: Updates on research; helps to start collaborations POMI Retreats: 2 per year POMI Workshops: Annual event, 150 people POMI Advisory Group: like an industry TAB POMI Steering Group: meet regularly to decide focus and funding 18

Agenda for Site Visit Focus on the Big Picture, not individual research talks – Data & Computing Substrate – Networking Substrate – Cinder Operating System – Security Demos/posters give a sense of individual research projects Self-Assessment 19

Self Assessment + Assembled and engaged a world-class team + Created a research agenda with opportunities for research impact + … and to change the practice + Architected and built first demonstration vehicles (mobile social, network, handheld OS, pocketSchool, augmented reality, …) +/- Getting them into the hands of others 20

Self Assessment (2) -Steering several industries: We may have taken on too much -Too much system building? -Ramp up has been variable + Benefitted from SOE broadening programs - Need to work closely with SOE programs 21

We have lots of work ahead 1.Learn by putting applications into more hands 2.Learn by putting platforms into more hands 3.Creation and dissemination of POMI Kits 4.Hosting and training POMI users 5.Influencing policy makers 22

Agenda Overview Nick McKeownNick McKeown Barriers 1 & 2 Data and Computing Substrate. Monica LamMonica Lam Barriers 3 & 4 Network Substrate. Nick McKeownNick McKeown BREAK AND EXEC SESSION FOR VISIT TEAM Demonstrations by students - Packard Atrium Mobile Handheld Software a. Cinder: Energy Aware Secure OS for Handsets Phil Levis b. Security and Privacy in Mobile Browsers Dan BonehPhil LevisDan Boneh Lunch with students EXEC SESSION FOR VISIT TEAM Broadening Participation Mendel RosenblumMendel Rosenblum Use of POMI2020 for under-represented communities Paul KimPaul Kim Voice-based social media for rural regions Scott KlemmerScott Klemmer Knowledge Transfer and Societal Impact Guru ParulkarGuru Parulkar 23