“New” Social Movements   New Social Movements :   Environmental   **Feminism---   **Gay liberation--   **Lesbian Feminism in Stein   **anti-nuclear power and weapons movements.   **peace movements--particularly those of the early 1980s   Features:   Middle class or unclear class basis   Qualitative rather than material goals   Vs. hierarchy   Focus on Civil Society and Identity building

Why New Social Movements?  1. Postmaterialism  Ronald Inglehart  Maslow Hierarchy of needs  From Economic to Qualitative Concerns  2. Invasion of the “Life-world”  Jurgen Habermas, Claus Offe

Possible Impacts of New NSMs  1. New Party Divisions  2. Organizational Structure  3. Focus on Identity/Community

The Decentering of Lesbian Feminism  Questions:  What is a Lesbian?  What are the costs and benefits of a community marked by a shared identity?