FMRI: Biological Basis and Experiment Design Intro History Basic mechanism Neurohemodynamic coupling.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Basis of the BOLD signal

Advertisements

Ari Borthakur, PhD Associate Director, Center for Magnetic Resonance & Optical Imaging Department of Radiology Perelman school of Medicine, University.

Introduction to fMRI physics for dummies (like me!).

Richard Wise FMRI Director +44(0)

Basis of the BOLD signal

The BOLD Response Douglas C. Noll Department of Biomedical Engineering

RF Pulse – generates a B 1 field that realigns the precessing spins in the low energy state In the case of a 90 o pulse the alignment is perpendicular.

Declaration of Conflict of Interest or Relationship

Fund BioImag : MRI contrast mechanisms 1.What is the mechanism of T 2 * weighted MRI ? BOLD fMRI 2.How are spin echoes generated ? 3.What are.

Perfusion-Based fMRI Thomas T. Liu Center for Functional MRI University of California San Diego May 19, 2007.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Maurice Goldman Member Académie des sciences.

MRI “Magnetic Resonance Imaging”. Nuclei with nuclear spin: elementary magnets Magnetic moment:  =magnetogyric ratio L=angular momentum.

Brain Imaging Techniques. Figure 2.1 A wrongheaded theory Myers: Psychology, Eighth Edition Copyright © 2007 by Worth Publishers Phrenology.

Principles of MRI. Some terms: –Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) quantum property of protons energy absorbed when precession frequency matches radio frequency.

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Albert Parker February 26, 2002.

Kcal/mol 5.7 X X X X X EIMSNMR.

EEG Experiment for Extra Credit Sign up on the sheet.

fMRI introduction Michael Firbank

Opportunity to Participate

Structural and Functional Imaging Functional images tend to be lower resolution and fail to convey spatial information Pixels.

FMRI - What Is It? Then: Example of fMRI in Face Processing Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/06 /2015: Lecture 02-1 This.

Psy 8960, Fall ‘06 Introduction to MRI1 Introduction to MRI: NMR MRI - big picture –Neuroimaging alternatives –Goal: understanding neurall coding Electromagnetic.

FMRI: Biological Basis and Experiment Design Lecture 15: CBF and Localization II CBF techniques Big veins and big voxels 1 light year = 5,913,000,000,000.

FMRI: Biological Basis and Experiment Design Lecture 5: non-BOLD MRI Equilibrium and excitation Relaxation rates Image contrast –TE –TR.

FMRI: Biological Basis and Experiment Design Lecture 14: Localization I Spin echo BOLD Experiment design 1 light year = 5,913,000,000,000 miles?

FMRI: Biological Basis and Experiment Design Lecture 3 Cell metabolism Vascular architecture Blood flow regulation Harrison, Harel et al., Cerebral Cortex.

Psy 8960, Fall ‘06 Spin Echo, high field1 High Field and Spin Echo: the Minnesota story Preview: fMRI decision tree Why image at 7T?

BOLD fMRI Cheryl Olman 4th year student Department of Neuroscience and

Larissa Stanberry University of Washington Department of Statistics Brief Introduction to Functional MRI Data Red slides are due to Peter Jezzard, PhD.

Principles of MRI Some terms: – Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) quantum property of protons energy absorbed when precession frequency.

FMRI: Biological Basis and Experiment Design Lecture 4 History Basic mechanism Outstanding questions.

Measuring Blood Oxygenation in the Brain. Functional Imaging Functional Imaging must provide a spatial depiction of some process that is at least indirectly.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

BASIS OF THE BOLD SIGNAL Walter Muruet Kaitlin Wilcoxen.

What are we measuring in fMRI? Caroline Catmur Jack Kelly.

Basis of the BOLD signal Ciara O’Mahony and Miriam Klein.

BOLD Contrast: Functional Imaging with MRI

Class 1: Introduction of fMRI 2012 spring, fMRI: theory & practice.

Neural Imaging II: Imaging Brain Function ANA 516: February 13, 2007 Jane E. Joseph, PhD.

BOLD Imaging An Introduction to MRI Physics and Analysis Michael Jay Schillaci, PhD Monday, February 25, 2008.

Neuronal Activity & Hemodynamics John VanMeter, Ph.D. Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging Georgetown University Medical Center.

STRATEGIES OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE The Coin of the Realm: correlations between psychological and neurophysiological events/structures Establishing two-way.

Functional Brain Signal Processing: EEG & fMRI Lesson 15 Kaushik Majumdar Indian Statistical Institute Bangalore Center M.Tech.

Statistical Parametric Mapping

Perfusion MRI in GSK Study

13. Structure Determination: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Magnetic Resonance Imaging – Basic Principles –

BOLD-Based fMRI or “The Stuff We Do With The 4T” Part I Chris Thomas April 27, 2001.

Origin of Negative BOLD fMRI Signals

Functional MRI: Physiology and Methodology

Statistical Parametric Mapping Lecture 2 - Chapter 8 Quantitative Measurements Using fMRI BOLD, CBF, CMRO 2 Textbook: Functional MRI an introduction to.

Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation Ogawa et al. PNAS (1990) 87:9868.

MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Definition A non-ionizing technique with full three dimensional capabilities, excellent soft-tissue contrast, and high.

BOLD fMRI BIAC Graduate fMRI Course October 1, 2003.

Laboratory 2: Introduction to fMRI Data and Analysis September 18, 2006 HST.583 Divya Bolar.

BOLD functional MRI Magnetic properties of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin L. Pauling and C. Coryell, PNAS USA 22: (1936) BOLD effects in vivo.

Physiological correlates of the BOLD signal an Introduction.

resentations/E225/ Go to 51:47-1:06 mark listen for 9 minutes.

BOLD Contrast: Functional Imaging with MRI

Psych 204b: Computational Neuroimaging: Data Analysis

Class 1: Introduction of fMRI

BIAC Graduate fMRI Course October 5, 2005

Jody Culham Brain and Mind Institute Department of Psychology

How MRI Works Connor Schentag.

Biomedical Imaging: Magnetic Resonance Imaging - Basics

Functional Neuroimaging: a window on the working human brain

A brief history of human brain mapping

A recent history 1946 Felix Bloch and Edward Purcell independently discover the magnetic resonance phenomena (Nobel Prize in 1952) 1971 Raymond Damadian:

Presentation transcript:

fMRI: Biological Basis and Experiment Design Intro History Basic mechanism Neurohemodynamic coupling

NMR - MRI - fMRI timeline 1922 Stern-Gerlach Electron spin 1936 Linus Pauling Deoxyhemoglobin electronic structure 1937 Isidor Rabi Nuclear magnetic resonance 1952 Nobel prize Felix Bloch, Edward Purcell NMR in solids 1973 Paul Lauterbur, Peter Mansfield NMR imaging 1993 Seiji Ogawa, et al. BOLD effect 1902 Pieter Zeeman Radiation in a magnetic field

... PNAS 22(4):

Harrison, Harel et al., Cerebral Cortex 12:225 (2002)

BOLD fMRI: Spatial localization

Harrison, Harel et al., Cerebral Cortex 12:225 (2002)

Basic BOLD Signal inversely proportional to deoxyhemoglobin concentration CBF = cerebral blood flow –increased CBF increases signal strength CBV = cerebral blood volume –increased venous blood volume decreases signal strength CMRO 2 = cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen –increased CMRO 2 decreases signal strength “... blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast: a change in the signal strength of brain water protons produced by the paramagnetic effects of venous blood deoxyhemoglobin.” –Ogawa et al. 1993

And here we start speaking in vague generalities.

Neural layers and vasculature Duvernoy, Delon & Vanson, Brain Res. Bull., 1981

What is neural activity? Neural activity: - increased oxygen consumption (CMRO 2 ) - increased need for glucose (CMR glc )

What does blood flow have to do with neural activity? 5m5m Neural activity: - increased oxygen consumption (CMRO 2 ) - increased need for glucose (CMR glc ) Upstream arteries: - increase flow (CBF) brings oxygen and glucose Downstream veins: - increased blood volume (CBV) - decreased deoxyhemoblogin concentration