June 1, 2008JEMH van Bronswijk, Eindhoven University of Technology 1 Gerontechnology’s Basics ISG08 6 th International Conference on Gerontechnology Pisa, Italy J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk, D.G. Bouwhuis, J.L. Fozard, H. Bouma

June 1, 2008JEMH van Bronswijk, Eindhoven University of Technology 2 Methodology Methodology extracting basic views and content from: -‘International Journal of Technology & Aging’ ( ) -‘Gerontechnology’ journal ( ) -International Conferences : Eindhoven ( 1991 ), Helsinki ( 1996 ), Munich ( 1999 ), Miami ( 2002 ), Nagoya ( 2005 ) and Pisa ( 2008 )

June 1, 2008JEMH van Bronswijk, Eindhoven University of Technology 3 Development From physical health oriented ergonomics for the 3 rd age (active and retired) & assistive technology for the 4 th age (frail elderly) to all technology for successful aging from the 1 st (youth) to 4 th (frailty) age

June 1, 2008JEMH van Bronswijk, Eindhoven University of Technology 4 Gerontechnology … Provides environments for … -A good life up to a very high age -Full citizenship up to the highest age -Fulfilling aspirations of later life -Preventing chronic disease -Enhancement of weakened functions -Installing assistive technologies -Taking over and integrating care

June 1, 2008JEMH van Bronswijk, Eindhoven University of Technology 5 A matrix to classify gerontechnology projects Goal / Technological intervention Life domain / Domain of human activity Health & Self-esteem Housing & Daily living Mobility & Transport Communication & Governance Work & Leisure Enrichment & Satisfaction Internet Prevention & Engagement Smart building ventilation Compensation & Assistance Smart walkerHearing aid Care support & care organisation Robot

June 1, 2008JEMH van Bronswijk, Eindhoven University of Technology 6 Gerontechnology … …. is about engineering, but it poses peculiar problems to the engineer, among others: (i) motivation, (ii) technology generation, (iii) compressing morbidity

June 1, 2008JEMH van Bronswijk, Eindhoven University of Technology 7 Gerontechnology … …. is about biological and social sciences, but it poses peculiar problems to the gerontologist, among others: (i) inclusive design, (ii) targeted marketing, (iii) technology of Aging-in-Place

June 1, 2008JEMH van Bronswijk, Eindhoven University of Technology 8 Interdisciplinary Cross- fertilization Technology  ‘Functionality’ Gerontology  ‘Usability’ Source: H. Bouma et al Gerontechnology in perspective. Gerontechnology 6(4):

June 1, 2008JEMH van Bronswijk, Eindhoven University of Technology 9 Cross-fertilizationGerontologydiscipline Technology discipline Chemistry Biochemistry Architecture Building Information Communication Mechatronics Robotics Ergonomics Design Business management Ethics Aesthetics Physiology Nutrition Psychology Social Psychology Sociology Demography Medicine Rehabilitation

June 1, 2008JEMH van Bronswijk, Eindhoven University of Technology 10 Some theories for cross-fertilization Technology’s impact on gerontology Gerontologydiscipline Technology discipline Chemistry Biochemistry Architecture Building Information Communication Mechatronics Robotics Ergonomics Design Business management Ethics Aesthetics Aging-in- Place Inclusive design Targeted marketing Physiology Nutrition Aging-in- Place Inclusive design Targeted marketing Psychology Social Psychology Aging-in- Place Inclusive design Targeted marketing Sociology Demography Aging-in- Place Inclusive design Targeted marketing Medicine Rehabilitation Aging-in- Place Targeted marketing

June 1, 2008JEMH van Bronswijk, Eindhoven University of Technology 11 Some theories for cross-fertilization Gerontology’s impact on technology Gerontologydiscipline Technology discipline Chemistry Biochemistry Architecture Building Information Communication Mechatronics Robotics Ergonomics Design Business management Ethics Aesthetics Physiology Nutrition Psychology Social Psychology Maslow’s motivation Sociology Demography Technology generation Medicine Rehabilitation Compressing morbidity

June 1, 2008JEMH van Bronswijk, Eindhoven University of Technology 12 Results of cross-fertilization towards Gerontechnology Gerontologydiscipline Technology discipline Chemistry Biochemistry Architecture Building Information Communication Mechatronics Robotics Ergonomics Design Business management Ethics Aesthetics Aging-in- Place Inclusive design Targeted marketing Physiology Nutrition Aging-in- Place Inclusive design Targeted marketing Psychology Social Psychology Maslow’s motivation Aging-in- Place Maslow’s motivation Inclusive design Maslow’s motivation Targeted marketing Maslow’s motivation Sociology Demography Technology generation Aging-in- Place Technology generation Inclusive design Technology generation Targeted marketing Technology generation Medicine Rehabilitation Compressing morbidity Aging-in- Place Compressing morbidity Targeted marketing Compressing morbidity

June 1, 2008JEMH van Bronswijk, Eindhoven University of Technology 13 Basic to Gerontechnology engineering is … (i) Fulfill all needs starting with the basic ones, starting in the 1 st age (ii) Accept users as co-designers to reach ‘Inclusive Design’ (iii) Beware of technology generation differences between designer and end-user

June 1, 2008JEMH van Bronswijk, Eindhoven University of Technology 14 Thank you for your attention