CHAPTER 37 Post-Colonial Challenges in Africa and the Middle East, 1939 – Present Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

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Presentation transcript:

CHAPTER 37 Post-Colonial Challenges in Africa and the Middle East, 1939 – Present Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ All rights reserved.

1. The Context of African Decolonization A. The Impact of World War II 1. Africans and the fight against fascism B. European Preparations for Colonial Autonomy 1. Britain 2. France 3. Belgium and Portugal Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ All rights reserved.

2. The Transformation of Africa After 1945 A.African Nationalism and the Cold War 1.Capitalism and Marxism in Africa B.North Africa 1.Algeria 2.Postcolonial government C.Sub-Saharan Africa 1.Britain’s retreat from empire 2.Failure of the French Community 3.Chaos in Belgium’s empire 4.Portugal’s unique decolonization Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ All rights reserved.

2. The Transformation of Africa After 1945 (cont’d) D.From Apartheid to Freedom in South Africa 1.The ANC 2.The end of apartheid Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ All rights reserved.

3. Challenges Facing Independent Africa A.Politics: Democracy or Dictatorship? 1.Imperialism and political development 2.Ethnic and tribal allegiances B.Economic Underdevelopment 1.Imperialism and economic development 2.Efforts at industrialization 3.Corruption and economic development C.Social Challenges: Poverty, Ignorance, Disease 1.Poverty 2.Education 3.Disease Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ All rights reserved.

4. The Transformation of the Middle East A.The State of Israel and the Palestinian Conflict 1.Zionism 2.The Balfour Declaration 3.International recognition and the Arab-Israeli War of 1948 – The Palestinian question B.Arab Nationalism and the Arab-Israeli Wars 1.Abdel Nasser and pan-Arabism 2.The Six-Day War 3.The Yom Kippur/Ramadan War 4.Peace between Israel and Egypt Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ All rights reserved.

4. The Transformation of the Middle East (cont’d) C.The Development of Islamist Fundamentalism 1.Nineteenth-century Islamic responses 2.Islamic revival since the 1970s 3.Islamic revolution in Iran 4.Anti-Israeli and anti-Western terrorism D.Persian Gulf Wars and Global Terrorism : The Persian Gulf War 2.September 11, The Iraq War Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ All rights reserved.