Scaling Up ? from Collaborative to Collective activities in Web-Based Training Pierre Dillenbourg TECFA, University of Geneva

Is (1) Is collaborative learning effective ? … Often, but… When (2) When is collaborative learning effective ? … conditions: group, task, medium, Why (3) Why does collaboration produce learning? … interactions: explanation, negotiation,…. How (4) How to trigger productive interactions? … structure & regulate Research on collaborative learning

Structure Regulate Collective Scénarios

Scenario "ArgueGraph" Phase1

Phase 2 Scenario "ArgueGraph"

Phase 3 Scenario "ArgueGraph"

Design choices Immediate FB Delayed FB Microworld FB Theories Behavioursim Constructivism Metacognition Phase 4 Scenario "ArgueGraph"

ArgueGraph Data (Exp.3) Reformulation Justification Solo57 % 43 % Duo15 % 85 %

AcceptCondition Discard No Conflict28 13 Conflict "We answer 3 because motivation is important" "We answer 3 because motivation is important" "We choose 3 because 2 does not work" "We choose 3 because 2 does not work" ArgueGraph Data (Exp.3) "We answer 2 if the learner is a child but we answer 3 for adult learners" "We answer 2 if the learner is a child but we answer 3 for adult learners"

NewUnion Victory No Conflict Conflict X 2 =6.2, p<.05) ArgueGraph Data (Exp.3) Arg(AB) <> Arg(A) & Arg(AB) <> Arg(B) Arg(AB) <> Arg(A) & Arg(AB) <> Arg(B) Arg(AB) =Arg(A) or Arg(AB) =Arg(B ) Arg(AB) =Arg(A) or Arg(AB) =Arg(B ) Arg(AB)=Arg(A) U Arg(B )

New version of ArgueGraph

What's the problem with exp 4 ? pseudo-task debriefing Coffee-break 1 week Exp 1-3 Exp 4 pseudo-task

So what? Collaboration has to be structured. –Web environments provide the structure by making a scenario (phases & roles) concrete. –Scenario are hard to generalize –Integrate communication in the task. Collaboration has to be regulated (…)

Explanation Abstraction Grounding Argumentation Mutual Regulation Mutuality Structuration Regulation... COMPUTER SUPPORTED COLLABORATIVE LEARNING