Acids

Dissolve in water – sour taste Litmus dye: blue → red React with some metals –Produce hydrogen gas and a salt

Arrhenius Definition Acid – releases H + ion in water

polyprotic acids H 2 SO 4

Bronsted-Lowry Definition Acid – proton donor (H + )

Acid Strength Strong acids – ionize all the way –Hydrochloric Acid –Sulfuric Acid –Nitric Acid Weak acids – only ionize a little –Acetic Acid –Lactic Acid –Ascorbic Acid –Phosphoric Acid –Citric Acid Can damage tissue If concentrated Found in many foods

pH The concentration of H + ion in pure water is 1 x M. pH stands for power of H + ion. –If concentration is 1 x 10 -e then pH is the negative of the exponent of the H ion conc. –If conc. Is not 1 x, then pH = -log 10 [H + ] Therefore, in pure water, the pH = 7 If pH < 7 then the solution is acidic If pH > 7 then the solution is basic pH = 7 is neutral

pH balanced shampoo shampoo Hair Remover Oven and drain cleaner 7.3 to 7.5

Antacids Are of course bases Neutralize stomach acid (HCl) More is not better

H26 – C11 14, 16, 17, 19, 20, 24, 25, , 33, , 57, 62, 63, 74, 79