GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY IN SECONDARY SCHOOL IN SPAIN José Luis Martínez Díez Campo Charro Secondary School (La Fuente de San Esteban, Salamanca)

SECONDARY SCHOOL IN SPAIN

TWO LEVELS 1. COMPULSORY SECONDARY SCHOOL (E.S.O) Four years of schooling (from 12 to 15 years of age) Divided in two cycles: –1st cycle (12 and 13 years of age) –2nd cycle (14 and 15 years of age)

TWO LEVELS 2. POST - COMPULSORY SECONDARY SCHOOL Two years of schooling (from 16 to 17 years of age) It entitles the student to sit the University Entrance Exam (Selectividad) There are five possible branches: Arts, Nature and Health Sciences, Sciences and Engineering, Social Sciences and Humanities.

GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY IN SECONDARY SCHOOL Geography and History are present in all the academic years of Secondary School.

1st YEAR OF COMPULSORY SECONDARY SCHOOL Subject: Social Sciences (Geography and History) (4 hours per week) Basic contents: –The Earth (Solar System, Earth layered structure, plate tectonics, continents, oceans, atmosphere…) –The ecosystems in Spain, Europe and the different continents. The interaction between man and nature. –Prehistory and Ancient History (Mesopotamia, Ancient Persia, Greece and Rome)

2nd YEAR OF COMPULSORY SECONDARY SCHOOL Subject: Social Sciences (Geography and History) (3 hours per week) Basic contents: –Basic concepts of demography. Population dynamics. Demography in Spain, Europe and the world. –The Byzantine Empire and Islam. Middle Ages in Europe. Mediaeval Spain: Muslim Spain and Christian Kingdoms. Romanesque and Gothic Art. –Modern History. The strengthening of king’s power. Spanish Empire: The rise and fall. The conquest and colonization of America. Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassicism.

3rd YEAR OF COMPULSORY SECONDARY SCHOOL Subject: Social Sciences (Geography) (3 hours per week) Basic contents: –Ecosystems and human activities. –Economic sectors. –Political systems. The organization and structure of society in Spain and the European Union. –Changes and inequality in the world. Globalization.

4th YEAR OF COMPULSORY SECONDARY SCHOOL Subject: Social Sciences (History) (3 hours per week) Basic contents : –Absolute monarchy and revolutions in America and Europe. –The Europe of Napoleon. –The 19th century: political and economic changes in Spain and the world. Liberalism, socialism and anarchism. The Industrial Revolution. The European imperialism. –The 20th century: Spanish Civil War and Franco’s regime. The World Wars. Origin and consolidation of communism, fascism and Nazism. The post- war world. The end of colonialism. –The art in 19th and 20th centuries. –The present world.

1st YEAR OF POST - COMPULSORY SECONDARY SCHOOL Subject: History of the Contemporary World. (Social Sciences and Humanities branches) (4 hour per week) Basic contents: –The crisis of the Ancient Regime. Revolutions and new political and economic systems in 19th century. –The Italian and German unifications. –The 20th century: The Russian Revolution, the Word Wars, the interwar period, the Cold War… –The world nowadays.

2nd YEAR OF POST - COMPULSORY SECONDARY SCHOOL Subject: History of Spain. (Compulsory in all branches) (four hours per week) Basic Contents: –All the History of Spain, from the Atapuerca Site (with fossils and stone tools of the earliest known humans in western Europe) to the arrival of democracy at the end of 20th century.

2nd YEAR OF POST - COMPULSORY SECONDARY SCHOOL Subject: Geography of Spain. (Social Sciences) (4 hours per week) Basic Contents: –Spain and Europe in the world: Unity and diversity in Spain and Europe. –The Spanish administrative and territorial structure. –The European Union. World power centres today. –Nature and environment in Spain. –Raw materials and energy resources. –Economic structure of Spain. Economic sectors and resources. Regional economic diversity. –Demography. Urban structures and regional contrasts. –Geography of the students region.

2nd YEAR OF POST - COMPULSORY SECONDARY SCHOOL Subject: History of Art. (Humanities Branch) (4 hours per week) Basic Contents: –Classic Art (Art of Greece and Rome) –Mediaeval Art: Romanesque and Gothic. –The Renaissance. –The Baroque. –Neoclassicism. –Goya. –The Art of the 19th century: Romanticism, Modernism, Impressionism, Post-impressionism… –The vanguards. The Spanish contribution: Picasso, Dalí, Miró… –The Art today.