A Spiral Nebula as a Stellar System, Messier 31 By Edwin Hubble.

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Presentation transcript:

A Spiral Nebula as a Stellar System, Messier 31 By Edwin Hubble

Not So Easy Astronomy

Cepheid Light Curves

Period Luminosity Relationship

Extra Galactic Cepheids

Light Curves of Novae

Nova and Cepheid Frequency Distribution

Distribution of Novae

Conclusions Hubble Found… Found distance of M31 to be 275 kpc Found the total mass to be 2.4*10^8 solar masses Today We Find… Stanek and Garnavich 1998 found the distance to be ~780kpc Wilkinson and Evans 2000 found the total mass to be 1.2*10^12 solar masses

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