Seminars Last F John Antos Protein Engineering of Sortases and transacylase reactions.

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Presentation transcript:

Seminars Last F John Antos Protein Engineering of Sortases and transacylase reactions

Figure Reaction mechanism of lactate dehydrogenase. Page 603

Figure 17-25The two reactions of alcoholic fermentation. Page 604

Figure 17-26Thiamine pyrophosphate. Page 604

Figure 23-3aBiotin and carboxybiotinyl– enzyme. (a) Biotin consists of an imidazoline ring that is cis-fused to a tetrahydrothiophene ring bearing a valerate side chain.Biotin Raw eggs contain avidin—a protein with very high affinity for biotin Bacteria (Streptomyces) make avidin analogs like streptavidin—where did we see this recently???

Pentose Phosphate Pathway!

Cells’ second energy currency: NADPH! NADPH is required for reductive biosynthesis –F–FA’s –S–Steroids –P–Photosynthesis –E–Etc. NADPH is generated by oxidation of G6P –P–Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) = hexose monophosphate shunt= phosphogluconate pathway –3–3 G6P + 6 NADP H 2 O →6 NADPH + 6 H CO F6P = GA3P Pathway divided into 3 phases –O–Oxidative Reactions Produces Ribulose-5-P –I–Isomerization/Epimerization Reactions Produces Ribose-5-P and Xyulose-5-P –T–Transaldolase and Transketolase Reactions 3 Ru5P ↔r5P + 2 Xu5P Most cells maintain their [NAD + ]/[NADPH] near 1000!!!

Page 863 Figure 23-25The pentose phosphate pathway.

FIGURE Role of NADPH in regulating the partitioning of glucose 6- phosphate between glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway. When NADPH is forming faster than it is being used for biosynthesis and glutathione reduction (see Figure ), [NADPH] rises and inhibits the first enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway. As a result, more glucose 6-phosphate is available for glycolysis.

PPP Song

Lyrics yL_d9YC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA1#v=onepage &q&f=false

LEHNINGER PRINCIPLES OF BIOCHEMISTRY Fifth Edition David L. Nelson and Michael M. Cox © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company CHAPTER 15 Principles of Metabolic Regulation

“Alfonse, Biochemistry makes my head hurt!!” \