The NAE Grand Challenges: Why They Matter Charles M. Vest President, National Academy of Engineering Summit on the NAE Grand Challenges Chicago, April 21, 2009

Who we are

What we do

20th Century Achievement

Policy Agenda 20th Century Achievement Education Research Best & Brightest Innovation

Policy Agenda 20th Century Achievement 21st Century Challenge Education Research Best & Brightest Innovation

INSPIRE CHALLENGE EDUCATE

Grand Challenges Committee Bill Perry, chair Sir Alec Broers Farouk El-Baz Wes Harris Bernadine Healy Daniel Hillis Calestous Juma Dean Kamen Ray Kurzweil Bob Langer Jaime Lerner Bindu Lohani Jane Lubchenco Mario Molina Larry Page Rob Socolow Craig Venter Jackie Ying

Make Solar Energy Economical Manage the Nitrogen Cycle Advance Healthcare Informatics Prevent Nuclear Terror Advance Personalized Learning Provide Energy From Fusion Provide Access to Clean Water Engineer Better Medicines Secure Cyberspace Engineer the Tools of Scientific Discovery Develop Carbon Sequestration Methods Restore and Improve Urban Infrastructure Reverse Engineer the Brain Enhance Virtual Reality Engineering Grand Challenges

Energy Environment Global Warming Sustainability Improve Medicine and Healthcare Delivery Reducing Vulnerability to Human and Natural Threats Expand and Enhance Human Capability And Joy Engineering Grand Challenges

INSPIRE CHALLENGE EDUCATE

INSPIRE CHALLENGE EDUCATE WHY?

U.S. Prosperity Global Survival Exciting Futures BECAUSE

U.S. Prosperity The World is Changing

Global R&D Investments Data for 2002 Source: Science and Engineering Indicators, NSF 2008 R&D Expenditures and Share of World Total 1/3

New Players Where the Expertise is Source: Competitiveness Index 2007, Council on Competitiveness, Washington, DC

First Engineering Degrees (China Rises) Source: NSF Science and Engineering Indicators 2010 China Japan US

First Engineering Degrees (China Rises) Source: NSF Science and Engineering Indicators 2010 China Japan US

World’s Largest Solar Powered Office Building, Dezhau, China

Worldwide shipments of Solar Photovoltaics – in Megawatts U.S. Photovoltaics Source: ARPA-E, 2010 U.S.

How do we compare with the Rest of the World? Source: NSF Science and Engineering Indicators 2010

How do we compare with the Rest of the World? Source: NSF Science and Engineering Indicators 2010 A Problem

source: V. Wadhwa, Issues in Science and Technology, 2009 Immigrants have founded many Of our S&E Based Companies

Global Survival The Challenges are Profound.

World Population Estimates

Energy Environment Global Warming Sustainability Improve Medicine and Healthcare Delivery

Global HealthClean Water Urban Sustainability Carbon, Energy, and Climate Energy Environment Global Warming Sustainability Improve Medicine and Healthcare Delivery

Exciting Futures For Our Children

Exciting Futures Through Education and Innovation

This is the most exciting era in Engineering and Science in Human History.

Creating the Tools of Scientific Discovery

Frontiers of Engineering and Technology Macro Systems Energy Environment Health Care Manufacturing Communications Logistics … Nano Bio Info Tiny Systems Smaller Faster More Complex Larger More Complex Societal Relevance

Macro Systems Energy Environment Health Care Manufacturing Communications Logistics … Nano Bio Info Social Science Natural Science Tiny Systems Essential New Intersections

Essential New Intersections call for New Educations.

1.Research experience 2.Interdisciplinary Curriculum Engineering+ 3.Entrepreneurship 4.Global Dimension 5.Service Learning NAE Grand Challenge Scholars Programs

Duke Olin College USC ASU La. Tech. Established

NAE Grand Challenge Scholars Programs Vanderbilt Florida Inst. of Tech. So. Illinois James Madison Louisiana Tech. Case Western Reserve Stanford Tufts Old Dominion NC State Naval PG School Saint Louis Univ. Carnegie Mellon Kansas State Tennessee State Georgia Tech MIT Tuskegee Wichita State WPI IIT Iowa UCLA Lafayette College Cal Poly Univ. Maryland Univ. Tennessee North Carolina A&T Univ. of Toronto Columbia Duke Olin College USC ASU La. Tech. Developing Established

INNOVATION & ACTION Meeting the Grand Challenges Students Universities MediaIndustryGovernment

21st century Innovation

Life Sciences and Information Technology A new Enabling Technology? Macro Systems especially Energy Future of Venture Capital? Disruptive Technologies For Grand Challenges Globalization of R&D Education Workforce 21st century Innovation

Evolution of current Innovation System Virtual Communities Discovery Innovation Institutes New Universities New Educational Organizations Inducement Prizes 21st century Innovation

Meeting Grand Challenges requires:

Vision Meeting Grand Challenges requires:

Vision Science

Meeting Grand Challenges requires: Vision Science Imagination

Meeting Grand Challenges requires: Vision Science Imagination Boldness

Meeting Grand Challenges requires: Vision Science Imagination Boldness Priorities

Meeting Grand Challenges requires: Vision Science Imagination Boldness Priorities Policy

Meeting Grand Challenges requires: Vision Science Imagination Boldness Priorities Policy Markets

Meeting Grand Challenges requires: Vision Science Imagination Boldness Priorities Policy Markets Perseverance

Meeting Grand Challenges requires: Vision Science Imagination Boldness Priorities Policy Markets Perseverance And …

ENGINEERING

Energy Flows in the U.S. Economy, 2007 Serious Engineering!

Energy Environment Global Warming Sustainability Improve Medicine and Healthcare Delivery Reducing Vulnerability to Human and Natural Threats Expand and Enhance Human Capability And Joy Meeting the Grand Challenges

Let’s do it! Meeting the Grand Challenges

Thank you Chicago.