 How are memories important?  How do memory systems work?  How can you improve your memory?

 Encoding  Storage  Retrieval

Sensory Register Short-Term Store Long-Term Store Response

 iconic – visual, about ¼ sec.  echoic – auditory, 1-2 sec  attention needed for further processing

 Visual, acoustic, or kinesthetic  Chunking  Rehearsal  Duration of about 20 sec without rehearsal

 Modern version of short-term memory  Emphasizes processing while storing  Active part of long-term memory

 Hippocampus  Long-term potentiation (LTP)

 Meaning-based  Very high capacity  Long duration

 Declarative › Semantic › Episodic  Procedural  Implicit › Priming effects › Deja vu

 Misinformation effect  Source amnesia  Effects of expectation and bias  Repressed Memory

 mnemonics  encoding specificity  avoiding interference › proactive › retroactive  distributed practice/spacing  state-dependent learning