Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor Pedestrian Navigation Using Mobile Devices Georeferencing Photographs of Publicly Posted Maps

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor Overview Introduction Challenges Georeferencing examples Tasks Deliverables References

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor Introduction Mobile devices with GPS & camera are popular –1.7 million iPhone 4 devices were sold in 3 days after release –Over 60 million Symbian based GPS- enabled phones sold in 2008 Mobile device navigation maps for streets and roads are readily available Mobile device pedestrian navigation maps are rare

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor Why are local maps more useful? Google Maps TomTom Photo of UCCS Map

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor Challenging Issues Preliminary research indicates that even georeferencing a map image manually can be difficult especially when North is not up Rotation issues –Device to user orientation –Device heading to North orientation

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor Relate a photo to the real world? Related Work –Two Point Entry [Schöning, et al, 2009] User moves to and marks two locations –Smart Align [Schöning, et al, 2009] User aligns photo over an existing map Proposed by this project –GPS Track Alignment User aligns recently traveled path over photo

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor “Photoshopped” example based on [Schöning, et al, 2009] Start position indicated by user with orange cross hair GPS location associated to map User physically moves to a new location and indicates with the blue cross hair GPS location associated to map Requires North up map orientation Two Point Entry

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor Smart Align “Photoshopped” example based on [Schöning, et al, 2009] Photo of map (in orange box) displayed over a Google map Photo of map is partially transparent User rotates, resizes and moves photo map to align with Google map Requires data access or preloaded maps and in the case of Google maps this method violates the Google maps API agreement

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor GPS Track Alignment “Photoshopped” example of this project’s proposed solution User walks within the map area while the GPS locations are recorded every few seconds An image of the GPS locations is overlaid on the photo of the map simulated here with orange dots The GPS track image is moved, resized and rotated by the user to match the actual path taken

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor Advantages of GPS Track Alignment Less error prone than specifying two pixels on the photo map North-up maps not required Manually aligning a line of dots over a path will be easier than trying to line up two maps No additional data or maps required

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor Tasks Completed Learning about the iPhone SDK and Objective-C (4 months) Researched commercial mapping software for pedestrian navigation (12+ months) Built image-based map prototype for iPhone (2 months) Literature review (3 months)

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor Tasks To Be Completed Create prototype project with photo capturing ability (1 week) Create a module that will store GPS tracks (1 week) Create a module that will generate an overlay image of the GPS tracks (1 week) Enable the user interface to move, rotate and resize the GPS tracks image over the photo (2 weeks) Translate the relationship between the GPS tracks image and the photo to georeference the photo (2 weeks)

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor Tasks To Be Completed Find and georeference several local posted maps and use online mapping resources to determine the accuracy of the georeferencing (1 week) Consider and evaluate addition information or processes that may improve accuracy or simplify use for the end user (1 week) Write up report of work done and results (1 week)

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor Deliverables iPhone prototype application –Take photograph of map –Track GPS locations –Allow user to align GPS tracks with photo –Display current location on photo Report documenting approach taken, features implemented and implementation challenges

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor References Schöning, J., Krüger, A., Cheverst, K., Rohs, M., Löchtefeld, M., and Taher, F PhotoMap: using spontaneously taken images of public maps for pedestrian navigation tasks on mobile devices. In Proceedings of the 11th international Conference on Human-Computer interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (Bonn, Germany, September , 2009). MobileHCI '09. ACM, New York, NY, Cheverst, K., Schöning, J., Krüger, A., and Rohs, M. Photomap: Snap, grab and walk away with a “you are here” map. In Proc. of MobileHCI ’08 : Workshop on Mobile Interaction with the Real World, September Smets, N. J., te Brake, G. M., Neerincx, M. A., and Lindenberg, J Effects of mobile map orientation and tactile feedback on navigation speed and situation awareness. In Proceedings of the 10th international Conference on Human Computer interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (Amsterdam, The Netherlands, September , 2008). MobileHCI '08. ACM, New York, NY,

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor References Burigat, S., Chittaro, L., and Parlato, E Map, diagram, and web page navigation on mobile devices: the effectiveness of zoomable user interfaces with overviews. In Proceedings of the 10th international Conference on Human Computer interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (Amsterdam, The Netherlands, September , 2008). MobileHCI '08. ACM, New York, NY, Setlur, V., Kuo, C., and Mikelsons, P Towards designing better map interfaces for the mobile: experiences from example. In Proceedings of the 1st international Conference and Exhibition on Computing For Geospatial Research & Application (Washington, D.C., June , 2010). COM.Geo '10. ACM, New York, NY, 1-4.

Masters ProjectFall 2010Joe B. Taylor