Pol70.W07.lec141 The Allure of Energy Alternatives
Pol70.W07.lec142 Where does energy go?
Pol70.W07.lec143
4 Geopolitics of oil
Pol70.W07.lec145 Comparing consumption levels Subsistence: Mexico Social: Portugal Luxury: United States GNP per capita (1997)$3,700 $11,010$29,080 Municipal waste pc not available 350 kg 720 kg Energy use pc (oil equiv.) 1,525 kg1,928 kg8,051 kg GDP output/kg oil equiv. $2.10$5.60$3.40 CO 2 emissions pc (1996) 3.7 metric tons 4.7 metric tons 19.7 metric tons
Pol70.W07.lec146 Automobility & the automotive complex
Pol70.W07.lec147 Heat, light, comfort
Pol70.W07.lec148 “Our way of life”
Pol70.W07.lec149 Energy alternatives should Reduce vulnerability, increase flexibility Be reasonably cost-effective & efficient Not introduce major lifestyle disruptions Not generate intractable waste problems Be environmentally-friendly or “green” Not introduce intractable social problems
Pol70.W07.lec1410 Two general classes of alternatives Technological Energy production Energy distribution Energy consumption Waste disposal Behavioral Economic incentives Conservation Lifestyle changes Cognitive changes
Pol70.W07.lec1411 Carbon dioxide sequestration
Pol70.W07.lec1412 Nuclear energy
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Pol70.W07.lec1415 Limits to uranium?
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Pol70.W07.lec1423 Fusion
Pol70.W07.lec1424 Very complex design
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Pol70.W07.lec1426 Slotted into existing power grids
Pol70.W07.lec1427 Solar energy is plentiful but diffuse, and must be collected and concentrated
Pol70.W07.lec1428 For heating of water or
Pol70.W07.lec1429 Solar electricity
Pol70.W07.lec1430 Production is growing, while cost is dropping
Pol70.W07.lec1431 Wind is variable and diffuse and energy must be captured
Pol70.W07.lec1432 Wind resources are widely available
Pol70.W07.lec1433 Costs are decreasing and capacity is growing
Pol70.W07.lec1434 Hydrogen?
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Pol70.W07.lec1438 Shell Oil’s projection
Pol70.W07.lec1439 Fossil fuel phaseout projection
Pol70.W07.lec1440 Mtoe Technological progress projection
Pol70.W07.lec1441 Conservation/renewable projection