Agenda: The Exigence What exigence leads Anthony to give this speech? What exigence leads Anthony to give this speech? Why did Anthony vote? Why did Anthony vote? What did she wish to accomplish by giving the speech? What were her goals? What did she wish to accomplish by giving the speech? What were her goals? What would we identify as her expectations for the speech? What would we identify as her expectations for the speech? What events of the 1860s and 1870s form a constraint (context) for Anthony's speech? What events of the 1860s and 1870s form a constraint (context) for Anthony's speech?

Women’s Lives in 1872 In what ways can women participate in public life in 1872? In what ways can women participate in public life in 1872? What was the condition of women's lives that motivated Anthony and the movement in 1872? What was the condition of women's lives that motivated Anthony and the movement in 1872?

Agenda: Anthony What reputation did Anthony have in the country in 1872? Or what reputations? What reputation did Anthony have in the country in 1872? Or what reputations? What is Anthony's role in the Women's movement? How does it relate to her speaking? What is Anthony's role in the Women's movement? How does it relate to her speaking?

Agenda: The Speech What do we know about this speaking situation? Where? To whom? What do we know about this speaking situation? Where? To whom? Who were the audience(s) for the speech? Who were the audience(s) for the speech? What were the sources of Anthony’s arguments? Where did she get them? What were the sources of Anthony’s arguments? Where did she get them? What can we say about the primary style of the speech? Why did it have that style? What can we say about the primary style of the speech? Why did it have that style?

Agenda: Constructive arguments “Citizen’s rights” “Citizen’s rights” –Natural right or God-given right –Government to secure –Grded in Decl of Indy Right to vote included Right to vote included –Or no method of altering (D of I) –Women are (Constitution) –Founders (Madison & Martin) –Civil War debates –Court Cases

Agenda: Constructive arguments Civil War Amendments Civil War Amendments –Women in servitude –Federal power over states Women should exercise their right to vote Women should exercise their right to vote Endorse Jury nullification Endorse Jury nullification

Agenda: Refutative arguments US Constitution US Constitution Masculine pronouns Masculine pronouns  Taxation  Court Cases Congressional Debate Congressional Debate

Agenda: The arguments Deductive Deductive Grounded in fundamental American values Grounded in fundamental American values Multiple Multiple Refutation plus constructive Refutation plus constructive Feminine Style? Feminine Style?

Feminine Style Relied for proof on personal experience Relied for proof on personal experience Constructed Inductively Constructed Inductively Invited Audience Participation Invited Audience Participation Authority is in experiences rather than formal education Authority is in experiences rather than formal education Seeks identification with audience, but polite not ungenteel Seeks identification with audience, but polite not ungenteel Focused for goal on empowerment Focused for goal on empowerment

Agenda: Evaluation Effectiveness Effectiveness –Would we call this speech effective? –In the long run, what was the impact of the speech? Situational Situational –How well did Anthony respond to her moment? –What were the important characteristics of her response? Why were they appropriate? Inappropriate? What should be our overall thesis in a judgment of this speech? What should be our overall thesis in a judgment of this speech?