14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA1 ATLAS Muon Drift Tube wiring and testing in Greece Joint effort UoA+NTUA* Athens,14/11/03 Christine KOURKOUMELIS University of Athens * supported by the GGET-Micromechanics and Microelectronics program

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA2

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA3 ATLAS MUON SPECTROMETER (View of non-trigger chambers) Chambers being constructed by the three Greek institutions

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA4 MDTMDT MDTMDT TGCTGC RP C CS C Monitored Drift Tubes ( |η| < 2 ) with a single wire resolution of 80 μm 1194 chambers, 5500m 2 GREECE is constructing 12% Cathode Strip Chambers (2 < |η| < 2.7) at higher particle fluxes 32 chambers, 27 m 2 Resistive Plate Chambers (|η| < 1.05) with a good time resolution of 1 ns 1136 chambers, 3650 m 2 Thin Gap Chambers (1.05 < |η| < 2.4) at higher particle fluxes 1584 chambers, 2900 m 2 Precision chambers Trigger chambers ATLAS: Muon Chambers Each detector has 3 stations. Each station consists of 2-4 layers.

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA5 : MDTs Monitored Drift Tubes width (tube length) : cm length : cm Tube : Al, 30 mm φ, 0.4 mm wall Wire : 50 μm, W/Re alloy (97/3) Gas : Ar/CO 2 (93%/7%) at 3 bar Gas gain : 2x10 4 at 3080 V Maximum drift time : ~ 700 ns Resolution : 80 μm

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA6 m H =130 GeV σ = 2.0 m H =130 GeV σ = 2.4 (+20%) Physics justification for precision in muon chambers

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA7 UoA : tube wiring + QA/QC (30,000 tubes) NTUA : tube QC/QA (certification) AUTh : chamber building (see D.Samponidis’ talk) 4+4 layers of tubes BIS contruction-Greek project

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA8 Construction precision requirements/specifications for MDT tubes Construction precision requirements/specifications for MDT tubes To comply with the above : precision tooling, clean rooms, intense QA/QC tests, all three institutions Anode Wire Position  25 μm) Anode Wire Position (  25 μm) Gas Leak Rate Gas Leak Rate (<2*10 -8 bar*lit/sec) High Voltage Leak Current High Voltage Leak Current (<2nA/meter) Anode Wire Mechanical Tension350 gf  5% Anode Wire Mechanical Tension (350 gf  5% )

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA9 U. of Athens ATLAS_MUON Group C.Kourkoumelis P. Ioannou D. Fassouliotis I. Chatziantonaki S. Stefanidis K. Nikolopoulos D. Pappas D.A. Agriogiannis S. Tatsis

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA10 University of Athens : Muon tube wiring facility (

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA11 University of Athens : Muon tube wiring facility

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA12 Wire insertion – wire tensioning University of Athens : Muon tube wiring facility Wire threading- wire tensioning

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA13 Tube production quality checks Wiring tension Finished tube length

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA14 DRIFT TUBE PRODUCTION IN THE UoA WORKING CONTINOUSLY SINCE Sept STEADY PRODUCTION OF 42 tubes/day

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA15 NTU-Athens HEP Group M. Dris M. Dris E.C. Katsoufis T.A. Filippas S. Maltezos T. Alexopoulos T. Papadopoulou E. Fokitis Y. Tsipolitis E.N. Gazis E. Tzamariudaki R.M. Avramidou N. Benekos P. Savva A. Maltezos N. Papadakis N. Vodinas

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA16 Anode Wire Mechanical Tension Anode Wire Mechanical Tension measurement T =   D 2 L 2 f 2 L= 165 cm is the wire length D= 50 μm is the wire diameter ρ = 19.3 gr/cm 3 is the density of the wire material Nominal Value NTUniversity of Athens : Muon tube testing facility

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA17 High Voltage Leak Current High Voltage Leak Current measurement A bunch of 16 tubes is connected in parallel and supplied by the gas mixture Ar:CO 2 (93:7) at 3 bar absolute pressure and high tension of 3400 V. The voltage drop across a resistor of 1.1 MΩ in series with the tubes is being measured for each tube. Leak Current < 2nA/m NTUniversity of Athens : Muon tube testing facility

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA18 Gas Leak Rate Gas Leak Rate measurement The idea is to fill the tubes with the detector gas (Ar:93 %, CO 2 :7 %) and then measure the pressure drop due to gas leakage at the time interval t. V is the volume of the "leaking" tube and Δp is the pressure drop. NTUniversity of Athens : Muon tube testing facility

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA19 Anode Wire Position Anode Wire Position measurement MDT-axis NTUniversity of Athens : Muon tube testing facility

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA20 Anode Wire Position Anode Wire Position measurement

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA21 BIS quality CERN (1 st chamber –out of 12 construction sites -to meet construction requirements) X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY The results meet the ATLAS specifications !!! April ÷ 13.9 µm July ÷ 16.2 µm

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA22 BIS chamber construction in Greece Has been going extremely well for more than 3 years -will finish soon (by next April) !

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA23 BIS CERN’s-testbeams X5/GIF 2002

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA24 UoA cosmic rays set-up BIS home institutions NTU SETUP / NEUTRON DEMOKRITOS

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA25 WHAT IS NEXT?? (started during summer) NOW till SUMMER 2004 Equip the chambers with services ( gas, electronics..) Test EVERY chamber with cosmic rays BE READY FOR INSTALLATION at the pit by Aug.2004 (Olympic games)- 130 chambers

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA26 BIS chamber integration-services

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA27 Cosmic ray CERN to test several chambers simultaneously 100 chambers are already constructed, should be equipped and tested

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA28 AFTER installation (BEFORE data taking): +physics studies… Cabling Debugging electronics etc Integrate/commission (Manpower/travelling..)

14/11/03 CERN-ilo presentationC.Kourkoumelis,UoA29 Summary: Thanks to support from the Micro program we were able to : Build infrastructure in our home institutions for precise micromechanical construction and testing of particle detectors at large scale Collaborate successfully with the industry Build a large part of a detector and thus participate on equal basis in the world’s largest HEP experiment In the future: Should take advantage of the investment.. Finish detector (technical manpower at CERN) Participate in tests, data taking, commissioning, physics studies etc Continue collaboration with industry/transfer of know-how