Telescopes. Galileo 1609 The Moon as a World Jupiter has Moons.

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Presentation transcript:

Telescopes

Galileo 1609

The Moon as a World

Jupiter has Moons

Refracting telescopes

Isaac Newton’s reflecting telescope

Reflecting telescope Objective mirrors instead of lenses

Three Powers Magnifying Resolving Light Gathering

Magnifying Power Ability to make objects appear larger in angular size One can change the magnifying power of a telescope by changing the eyepiece used with it Mag Power = focal length of objective divided by the focal length of the eyepiece

Resolving Power Ability to see fine detail Depends on the diameter of the objective lens or mirror

Light Gathering Power The ability to make faint objects look brighter Depends on the area of the objective lens or mirror Thus a telescope with an objective lens 2 inches in diameter has 4 times the light gathering power of a telescope with a lens 1 inch in diameter

Herschel & Lord Rosse

19 th century: epoch of the large refractors

Refracting telescopes Vienna Lick

Yerkes Observatory

20 th century Large Reflectors Come of Age Mount Wilson

Palomar (5-m)

4 meter Reflecting telescope

Objective Mirror

Dome of 4 meter Kitt Peak

Keck Telescopes

Rooftop telescopes

MSU Campus Observatory

SOAR Telescope

SOAR Telescope -- Cerro Pachon

Astronomical “seeing” Blurring effect of looking through air Causes stars to twinkle

Bad seeing on this side Good seeing on this side

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Radio Telescopes Arecibo

Very Large Array

Observing from space No clouds Perfect seeing Can see wavelengths of light blocked by the earth’s atmosphere

Hubble Space Telescope