Switzerland’s NFP – Bargaining Sustainability Claudia Zingerli Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich COST-E19 International Seminar, September 2003, Vienna

Overview of Swiss NFP Responsible Agency: Swiss Forest Agency, SAEFL 2001Official launch of NFP by Federal Department for Environment, Transport, Energy and Communication, DETEC 2002Multi-stakeholder Dialogue 2003Preparation of NFP strategy and message to DETEC Implementation of NFP, revision of legal framework 2008Enforcement of amended federal forest law

Objectives of Swiss NFP Achieving sustainable forest management in the long term Added at a later stage: Providing favourable conditions for an efficient and innovative forest and wood industry

Structure of Swiss NFP Forest resources Health & Vitality Protective Function Productive Function Bio- diversity Socio-econ. Function Expert Moni- toring Coaching Science Commu- nication NFP Forum 28 Persons Project Direction Project Management Project Team 6 Focus Areas

Multi-stakeholder dialogue: participants ActorsNumberWGForum Public Admini- stration  Federal Agencies (SAEFL, Agricultural Office, Economic Affairs, Space and Regional Development, Energy)  Cantonal Agencies (Environment, Forest, Landscape, Nature Protection, Construction) 23 of which 16 SAEFL of which 21 4 of which 16 SAEFL 4 Federal Assembly  Members of Council of States  Members of National Council Private Organi- sations, Individuals  Research Institutions  Environment, Sports and Health Organisations  Professional Associations  Forest Holdings  Forest Enterprises  Private Forest Owners  Forest Engineering Businesses  Others Total

Multi-stakeholder dialogue: main issues Meanings of Sustainability Economic claims Societal claimsEcological claims Call for better and more efficient institutional frameworks and deregulation Mono- versus multi- functional forest management Social recreation and forest resilience Costs and responsibilities for public services

Multi-stakeholder dialogue: political bargaining Forest Summits by Swiss Forestry Association 8 Theses by Swiss Association of Forestry Enterprises Coalition Building between environmental organisations Tripartite Commission for close-to- nature silviculture standard Forest resources Health & Vitality Protective Function Producte Function Bio- diversit y Socio-econ. Function Expert Moni- toring Coach- ing Science Commu- nication NFP Forum 28 Persons Project Direction Project Management Project Team 6 Focus Areas WAP

Explanations of NFP policy process to date Supporting FactorsImpeding Factors  Democratic culture supports participatory approach and MSD  Relatively new forest law, necessity for NFP questioned  70% public ownership and public access to all forest, strong vote for social and ecological sustainability  Meanings of SFM not clearly defined  Strong sectoral policy approach  Sustainability principle anchored in Swiss Constitution and Federal Forest Law  Capacity of leading agency to handle conflict and diversity (Organisational learning)  Consideration of international policy processes in Swiss environmental sector (multi-level governance)  Underdeveloped monitoring and evaluation concepts  Financial restrictions of public entities, seeking reorientation  Strong Forest Service, particular interests

Conclusions: Swiss NFP and beyond Another step in Switzerland’s long forest policy process, characterised by broad participation Discussions of contextual innovation and new regulations of competencies between Confederation, cantons and communes NFP embedded in forest law making process: political commitment and legitimacy From incremental to substantial change 1.Potential reform of regulations and restrictions 2.Finances: budget restriction