University Miguel Hernández of Elche Some GlobalStart Tools PAXIS Workshop;Salamanca, June 2005

MAIN TOOLS: Set of indicators to monitor academic entrepreneurship: determinants, start-up activity and wealth creation. Guidelines for implementing a balanced scorecard in entrepreneurial universities. Protocol to indentify and assess academic potential global start-ups. Quality management handbook for spin-off programmes.

Methodology: Literature review on university resources and capabilities influencing start-up activity. Delphi survey among experts on academic entrepreneurship. Review of indicators used in technology transfer surveys. Formation of policies Implementation of initiatives Evaluation of initiativesProblem identification Corrective actions Main roles of indicators: Set of Indicators to monitor academic entrepreneurship

Resources & Initiatives Stock of Technology EXTERNAL IMPACTS START-UP ACTIVITY Human Capital INTERNAL IMPACTS Policies & Strategies Policies & Strategies For each block : Indicators of current state: basic; recommended; global activity. Indicators of trends: basic; recommended; global activity. Normalised indicators: academic staff; research expenditures. Internal determinants Wealth creation

Examples of basic indicators: Policies and strategies: implementation of policies; incentives and rewards; etc. Stock of technology: patent portfolio; invention disclosures,distribution of patent portfolio by school/field; etc. Resources and initiatives: work force; work force experience; expenditures; distribution of expenditures/work force by processes, etc. Human capital: faculty quality, index of intention; R+D industry revenues; etc. Start-up activity: spin-off portfolio; spin-off activity index; entrepreneurial activity index; equity portfolio; survival rate; technology transfer balance; unit cost; etc. Internal impacts: revenues from spin-offs; university employment; etc. External impacts: contribution to GDP; contribution to employment; new product introductions; foreign investments; etc. Set of Indicators to monitor academic entrepreneurship

Protocol to identify and assess academic potential global start-ups Usefulness: Identification of potential global start-ups in early stages; assessment of potential performance; detection of needs. Users: Spin-off programmes, TTOs, etc. Global start-up Further Performance Propensity Entrepreneur (team) level Organisation level Environment level

ENTREPRENEUR LEVEL: Intentions about internationalisation Global entrepreneurial orientation International background International networks ORGANISATION LEVEL: Knowledge/technology intensity Innovativeness of the technology Imitability and legal protection Competitive advantages/firm strategy Resources employed/needed Protocol to identify and assess academic potential global start-ups ENVIRONMENT LEVEL: Industry profits and sales growth Domestic market (limited, saturation) Foreign markets (intensity of competition, profitability) Economies of scale Restrictive government policies Institutional environment

Guidelines for implementing a balanced scorecard Balanced scorecard What is it?: A performance measurement and management system Focused on academic spin-off/start-up activity Strategic scorecard Directive scorecard Operational scorecard University board Spin-off programme/TTO managers Spin-off programme/TTO staff Users Levels

Steps: 1.Project initiation 2.Strategy review/ clarification/definition/ analysis 3.Identification of key result areas 4.Identification of key management factors 5.Formulation of targets 6.Key performance indicators 7.Implementation plan 8.Measurement and analysis 9.Review Guidelines for implementing a balanced scorecard

Quality Management Handbook for spin-off programmes A management approach, starting from : Customers’ (entrepreneurs) expectations Based on: Leadership Teamwork Supported by: Specific techniques and methods And concluding in: Customer satisfaction Specific issues adaptation Total Quality Total Quality for spin-off programmes

Quality Management Handbook for spin-off programmes MODULE 1. Academic spin-off support structures Academic archetypes to provide support to spin-offs Services, processes and users MODULE 2. Concepts of total quality What does total quality mean? Definition of service quality: expectations and perceptions of entrepreneurs Definition of internal processes quality Measurement of service quality: dimensions of quality Advantages for spin-off programmes

MODULE 3. Developing and implementing a total quality system Deficiencies of service quality. Causes and solutions. Total Quality Programmes: leadership, entrepreneurial culture and participation. The quality roadmap. MODULE 4. Quality assurance. Normalisation and certification. ISO and EFQM. Relationships with Total Quality Management. Quality Management Handbook for spin-off programmes