Hardware/Software Computers? - computer-based society Hardware Trends - mobility, portability, wireless, Internet –Mainframes –Midrange –Micros (PCs) - standalone, client/server –Appliance Computer Generations Microcomputer Systems –PDAs – personal digital assistants - pocket PC and handheld –subnotebooks, notebooks, laptops –Multimedia systems –Network Computers –Supercomputer

Computer System Concept Central Processing Unit Secondary Storage Devices Control Unit ALU Primary Storage Unit Input Devices Output Devices

Multimedia Technologies Key Technologies of Multimedia Video Capture Card Video Capture Card Authoring Language Authoring Language Storyboard Compact Disk Interactive Compact Disk Interactive Sound Board Compressed Audio Compressed Audio Digital Video Interactive Digital Video Interactive MIDI Computer Edit System Computer Edit System Interactive Video Interactive Video Digital Audio

System concept –RISC vs. CISC –Interrelated combination of components – information processing tool Input - trends: more natural, GUI Processing Output Storage Control –Speeds

Key Functions Input Processing Output Control Storage Key Functions of Computer Information Systems

Software –Application Packaged –Horizontal market –Vertical market –VAR – value added retailer Customized Freeware, shareware, site license, piracy Interactive/batch

Types of Computer Software General- Purpose Application Programs General- Purpose Application Programs Application- Specific Programs Application- Specific Programs System Management Programs System Management Programs System Development Programs System Development Programs Application Software System Software System Software Computer Software Computer Software

-System Trend away from – Custom-designed Proprietary/portable Procedural language Trend toward – Off the shelf GUI interface - WYSIWYG Object oriented or natural programming Reasons

–End-user software Application specific General purpose Suites - OLE Integrated packages Web browsers - Internet, WWW PIM – personal information managers Groupware – collaborate, share Operating systems

Functions of an Operating System Resource Management Resource Management Task Management Task Management User Interface User Interface File Management File Management Utilities and Other Functions Utilities and Other Functions

–Network management programs - Netware –Others Utility programs Performance monitors Security monitors –Programming languages C++, C#, XML, HTML, DHTML, Java, Java Script, CGI, Visual Basic, VB Script,.net Applets –Programming packages Language editors Translator programs –Assembler, compiler, interpreter

Trends in Computer Software First Generation First Generation Second Generation Second Generation Third Generation Third Generation Fourth Generation Fourth Generation Fifth Generation Fifth Generation User-Written Programs Machine Languages Packaged Programs Symbolic Languages Operating Systems High-Level Languages DBMS Fourth- Generation Languages Microcomputer Packages Natural & Object-Oriented Languages Multipurpose Graphic- Interface Network-enabled Expert-Assisted Packages Trend: Toward Easy-to-Use Multipurpose Network-Enabled Application Packages for Productivity and Collaboration Trend: Toward Visual or Conversational Programming Languages and Tools

Telecommunications –Internetworked enterprises - EDI –Internet, intranet, extranet –Uses E-Collaboration Sharing E-commerce Overcome barriers: geographic, time, cost, structural

-Trends Available Open systems – interoperability/transparency Cut costs, shorten lead and response times, support e- commerce, Improve collaboration, online processes, share resources, customers and suppliers, develop new products and services

Discussion Groups Discussion Groups Surf the Net Launch Information Searches Launch Information Searches Multimedia File Transfer Multimedia File Transfer Typical uses of a Web Browser in Internet, Intranet, and Extranet Environments Web Browsers

Internet – network of networks –IP, URL, domain name – , chat rooms, bulletin boards, download/upload, FTP Types of networks –WAN, LAN, MAN, PAN, WLAN, Client/server, interorganizational Media –Channels –Cellular phone systems

–Architecture and protocols –OSI – open systems interconnection –TCP/IP – transmission control protocol/internet protocol –Bandwidth Sonet – 52m - fiberoptic DBS – direct broadcast satellite – 12m DSL – digital subscriber line – 1.5m down, 256k up Cable – 500k – 1m ISDN – integrated services digital network – 128k Modem – 53k