VERTEBRATE DISSECTION LAB 13 Rat Internal Anatomy - Excretory, Reproductive, Endocrine & Nervous Systems

Review Protocols for preserved animals –  **View rats of all sizes, sexes and reproductive states!**

Excretory System Fx:  excrete waste from the body  maintain homeostasis with regard to water, pH, salts

Excretory System - KIDNEY Hilus (point of entry of blood vessels and ureter) Glomeruli Renal pelvis Renal medulla Renal cortex

Reproductive System Fx:  produce gametes  achieve syngamy with a conspecific  site for embryonic development

Reproductive System - FEMALE Ovary – R & L Oviduct/Fallopian tubes – R & L Horn of Uterus – R & L Body of Uterus Cervix Vaginal Tract Clitoris (homologous to penis)

Image taken from al/femalesys0/femalesys9.html

Reproductive System - MALE Scrotum Testes – R & L Epididymis – R & L Spermatic cord – R & L, includes Vas deferens/sperm duct Urethra Penis (Baculum, Prepuce, & Glans) Accessory glands (prostate and vesicular/seminal vesicles)

Endocrine System Fx: produce hormones; coordinate functions of body Partial list  Throat area: Thymus, Parotid, Sublingual-Mandibular (salivary), Lacrimal  Other: Pancreas, Testes, Ovaries

Nervous System Fx: receive and conduct impulses, store information, center for learning Parts  Central Nervous System  Brain  Spinal Cord  Peripheral Nervous System  Sensory & Motor Nerves of head and body