Today - Histology Banana’s “learn what the body is composed of….” Is this really ANATOMY

1.What type of section is this? 2.Where is this section taken (about)? 3.Name the membrane layer surrounding organ X. 4.Name the space that the arrow is pointing to. 5.What is contained within that space? X

Histology What histological sections look like Epithelial, connective, nervous & muscle tissue –structure, function & location Epithelial tissue – simple and stratified Connective tissue – fibrous, supportive & fluid –Fibrous: dense & loose –Supportive: cartilage & bone Nervous and muscle tissue – brief introduction

What do histological sections look like?

Cells + matrix = tissues 1. Epithelial tissue 2. Connective tissue 3. Muscle tissue 4. Nervous tissue

simple stratified Epithelial Tissue Epithelial cells Basement membrane

Simple squamous Simple cuboidal Simple columnar Simple epithelial types

Pseudostratified columnar cilia Goblet cells Another simple type……

Stratified squamous - non-keratinized - keratinized (skin) Transitional (stratified) Stratified epithelial types

1. Esophagus: food passageway 2. Small intestine: absorption & secretion 3. rectum: passageway for waste 1. Simple or stratified? 2. What type? Squamous Cuboidal Columnar Pseudo-columnar

Connective Tissue General Functions: 1.Binds organs 2.Support 3.Protection 4.Immune protection 5.Movement 6.Storage 7.Heat 8.Others….. Three types Fibrous Supportive Fluid

Cells + fibers + ground substance = connective tissue Cells = fibroblasts Fibers = collagen & elastin Cells = fibroblasts Fibers = collagen Change composition = change function

loose dense mesentery Adipose tissue Tendons & ligaments dermis regular irregular

Fibrous connective tissue types and function

Supportive connective tissue = cartilage & bone Cells: chondrocytes Chondro = cartilage Fibers: collagen or elastin Ground Substance: firm gel chondroitin sulfates proteoglycans Perichondrium: dense, irregular CT with chondroblasts

hyalineelastic fibrocartilage chondrocytes collagen & elastin fibers CS & PG Cartilage

Cells: osteocytes Fibers: collagen Matrix: GAG & mineral salts GAG = glycosaminoglycans Bone Central canal = blood vessel Surrounded by periosteum

Nervous tissue Muscle tissue neurons & glia electrical & chemical signals muscle fibers contract when stimulated skeletal, smooth & cardiac

Mucous membrane: Epithelium, basement membrane, areolar CT, smooth mm) Membranes line & cover viscera serous * (ssq, areolar CT, fluid) mucous * cutaneous Putting it all together….

Respiratory epithelium – mucous membrane simple epithelium with cilia goblet cells Differentiation Metaplasia

Neoplasm Fibrosis

Weekly review session on Monday’s 5:30 – 6:30 in T-435 HSB with Ben Constance (TA) Bone Tissue on Tuesday