Principles of Electric Circuit Lecture # 1 Principles of Electric Circuit 207 MDE 2010/2011 - 1431/1432 Winter semester 311 Tarek Elsarnagawy Prof. assc. Dr. Ing. Tel.: 4735277 – 497 or 516 Office hours: Email: telsar@ksu.edu.sa http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/elsarnagawy/default.aspx

Principles of Electric Circuits: Conventional Textbook Principles of Electric Circuits: Conventional Current Version, 9/E Thomas L. Floyd ISBN-10: 013507309X ISBN-13:  9780135073094 Publisher:  Prentice Hall Copyright:  2010 Format:  Cloth; 992 pp Published:  03/05/2009

Evaluation and assessment Assignments 5% Seminars/oral 5% Quizzes 5% Mid term 15% Practical/lab 30% Final 40%

Chapter 1

Passive & Active components

Passive Components Welcome to the Principles of Electric Circuits. You will study important ideas that are used in electronics. You may already be familiar with a few of the important parts used in electronic circuits. Resistors are introduced in Chapter 2. Resistors

Passive Components Capacitors will be introduced in Chapter 12.

Passive Components Inductors will be introduced in Chapter 13.

Passive Components Transformers will be introduced in Chapter 14.

Active Components Passive components are used in conjunction with active components to form an electronic system. Active components will be the subject of future courses. Transistors Integrated Circuits

Quantities and Units

International System of Units “System International d’Unites” SI Fundamental Units Quantity Unit Symbol Length Meter m Kilogram kg Second s Ampere A Kelvin K Candela cd Mole mol Mass Time Electric current Temperature Luminous intensity Amount of substance

Some Important Electrical Units Except for current, all electrical and magnetic units are derived from the fundamental units. Current is a fundamental unit. Quantity Unit Symbol Current Ampere A Coulomb C Volt V Ohm W Watt W Charge Voltage Resistance Power

Some Important Magnetic Units All magnetic units are derived from the fundamental units. These units are discussed in Chapter 10. Quantity Symbol Unit Symbol Ampere-turns/meter At/m Weber Wb Tesla T Ampere-turn At Webers/ampere-turns-meter Wb/At.m Ampere-turns/weber At/Wb Magnetic field intensity H Magnetic flux f Magnetic flux density B Magnetomotive force Fm Permeability m Reluctance R

Example-1 Scientific and Engineering Notation Very large and very small numbers are represented with scientific and engineering notation. Example-1 47,000,000 = 4.7 x 107 (Scientific Notation) = 47. x 106 (Engineering Notation)

Example-2 Example-3 Scientific and Engineering Notation 0.000 027 = 2.7 x 10-5 (Scientific Notation) = 27 x 10-6 (Engineering Notation) Example-3 0.605 = 6.05 x 10-1 (Scientific Notation) = 605 x 10-3 (Engineering Notation)

Large Engineering Metric Prefixes P T G M k peta tera giga mega kilo 1015 1012 109 106 103 Can you name the prefixes and their meaning?

Small Engineering Metric Prefixes m n p f milli micro nano pico femto 10-3 10-6 10-9 10-12 10-15 Can you name the prefixes and their meaning?

Example-1 Metric Conversions Smaller unit 0.47 MW = 470 kW When converting from a larger unit to a smaller unit, move the decimal point to the right. Remember, a smaller unit means the number must be larger. Smaller unit Example-1 0.47 MW = 470 kW Larger number

Example-2 Metric Conversions Larger unit 10,000 pF = 0.01 mF When converting from a smaller unit to a larger unit, move the decimal point to the left. Remember, a larger unit means the number must be smaller. Larger unit Example-2 10,000 pF = 0.01 mF Smaller number

Example-1 Metric Arithmetic 10,000 W + 22 kW = When adding or subtracting numbers with a metric prefix, convert them to the same prefix first. Example-1 10,000 W + 22 kW = 10,000 W + 22,000 W = 32,000 W Alternatively, 10 kW + 22 kW = 32 kW

Example-2 Metric Arithmetic 200 mA + 1.0 mA = When adding or subtracting numbers with a metric prefix, convert them to the same prefix first. Example-2 200 mA + 1.0 mA = 200 mA + 1,000 mA = 12,000 mA Alternatively, 0.200 mA + 1.0 mA = 1.2 mA

Significant Figures Most work in electronics involves measurements, which always have error. You should report only digits that are reasonably assumed to be accurate. The rules for determining if a reported digit is significant are Nonzero digits are always considered to be significant. Zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit are never significant. Zeros between nonzero digits are always significant. Zeros to the right of the decimal point for a decimal number are significant. Zeros to the left of the decimal point with a whole number may or may not be significant depending on the measurement.

Examples: Significant Figures Looking at the rule, decide how many significant figures in each of the examples, which are given with a rule: Nonzero digits are always considered to be significant. 152.71 2. Zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit are never significant. 0.0938 3. Zeros between nonzero digits are always significant. 10.05 4. Zeros to the right of the decimal point for a decimal number are significant. 5.100 5. Zeros to the left of the decimal point with a whole number may or may not be significant depending on the measurement. 5100.

Quiz 1. A resistor is an example of a. a passive component b. an active component c. an electrical circuit d. all of the above

Quiz 2. The electrical unit that is fundamental is the a. volt b. ohm c. coulomb d. ampere

Quiz 3. In scientific notation, the number 0.000 56 is written a. 5.6 x 104 b. 5.6 x 10-4 c. 56 x 10-5 d. 560 x 10-6

Quiz 4. In engineering notation, the number 0.000 56 is written a. 5.6 x 104 b. 5.6 x 10-4 c. 56 x 10-5 d. 560 x 10-6

Quiz 5. The metric prefix nano means a. 10-3 b. 10-6 c. 10-9 d. 10-12

Quiz 6. The metric prefix pico means a. 10-3 b. 10-6 c. 10-9 d. 10-12

Quiz 7. The number 2700 MW can be written a. 2.7 TW b. 2.7 GW c. 2.7 kW d. 2.7 mW

Quiz 8. The value 68 kW is equal to a. 6.8 x 104 W b. 68, 000 W c. 0.068 MW d. All of the above

Quiz 9. The sum of 330 mW + 1.5 W is a. 331.5 mW b. 3.35 W c. 1.533 W d. 1.83 W

Quiz 10. The quantity 200 mV is the same as a. 0.000 200 V b. 20 mV c. 0.2 V d. all of the above

Quiz Answers: 1. a 2. d 3. b 4. d 5. c 6. d 7. b 8. d 9. d 10. a