A. Frank File Organization Data Units Hierarchy Thanks to Adi Gutman and Noa Cohen.

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Presentation transcript:

A. Frank File Organization Data Units Hierarchy Thanks to Adi Gutman and Noa Cohen

2 A. Frank Data Units Hierarchy נתייחס לשני )תתי-)מדרגים: מדרג יחידות נתונים של זיכרון פנימי. Data units hierarchy of internal memory מדרג יחידות נתונים של זיכרון חיצוני. Data units hierarchy of external memory

3 A. Frank Bit Nibble Byte Word סיבית נגיסה בית מילה Half / Double / Long / Quad / Hexa Word - (not basic units) Internal Memory units hierarchy 4 יחידות בסיסיות:

4 A. Frank PhysicalLogical BIT = Binary digIT - 0 / 1 סיבית = סי פרה ב ינאר ית yes / no false / true on / off dual flag / mode סיבית BIT - Bit is the Atomic Unit of Computer Science

5 A. Frank PhysicalLogical Sequence of 4 bits ( half byte ) Hexadecimal character small constant נגיסה Nibble -

6 A. Frank PhysicalLogical Sequence of 2 nibbles (= 8 bits) character - תו symbol סמל - offset היסט - constant קבוע - בית Byte -

7 A. Frank PhysicalLogical Sequence of 2/4/8 bytes (Depends on if 16/32/64-bit architecture) integer / number - שלם / מספר address / pointer מען / מצביע - variable משתנה - field / value - שדה / ערך מילה Word -

9 A. Frank Unraveling of Definitions Note: Latter unit is equal to one or more of the former units! Example for physical units interpretations: word = 4 bytes  word = 8 nibbles  word = 32 bits Same unraveling can be done for the logical units interpretations (gets even clearer with the External Memory units). Example: string is a sequence of characters.

10 A. Frank Sector Block Track Device מגזר גוש מסילה התקן לא בסיסי ?? - Cylinder גליל קיים רק בדיסק ולא בסרט. External Memory units hierarchy 4 יחידות בסיסיות:

11 A. Frank PhysicalLogical Sequence of words  Minimal/Atomic device (disk) unit record / structure group field periodic field רשומה - שדה קבוצתי - שדה מחזורי - מגזר Sector - שם תקני יותר ל-sector הוא מקטע.

12 A. Frank PhysicalLogical Sequence of sectors  minimal transfer unit logical record array/string buffer page / frame רשומה לוגית - מערך/מחרוזת - מכלא - דף / מסגרת - גוש Block -

13 A. Frank PhysicalLogical Sequence of blocks File sequence of records with a logical connection קובץ - סדרת רשומות בעלות הקשר לוגי מסילה Track -

14 A. Frank PhysicalLogical Sequence of tracks database sequence of files with a logical connection מסד נתונים - סדרת קבצים בעלי הקשר לוגי התקן Device -

15 A. Frank Example Use of Model device = one or more tracks  disk = one or more files  disk = one file  disk = file Any none trivial Interpretations?

16 A. Frank Disk = File ? Diskette image (DOS ‘diskcopy A: B:’) Disk format (big empty file) Disk recovery (one big file) Similar general attributes/operations (label, open, etc…)