Managing Groups and Teams

TRADEOFFS OF TEAM DECISION MAKING & WORK u Advantages u Disadvantages

SYNERGY u  u

DETERMINANTS OF EFFECTIVE TEAMS u Team Design Factors u Internal/Process Factors u Inhibitors and Contributors

GROUP DESIGN 1. Supportive Context u Upper management commitment u Resources u Education u Information 2. Clear Direction & Accountability u Clearly specify the end-states to be achieved u Set boundaries, limits, parameters u Engaging, “Stretch” for the group 3. Authority/Autonomy  To manage the work  Evaluation & Reward

ANARCHY ENGAGED, GOAL- DIRECTED WORK TURN-OFFWASTED HUMAN RESOURCES SPECIFY ENDS SPECIFY MEANS NOYES NO YES

GROUP DESIGN FACTORS 1. Supportive Context 2. Clear Direction—The Ends 3. Authority to manage the work—The Means 4. Enabling Structure (Membership) u Small size (ideal <6; max of 9) u Skill level u Right mix of skills u Technical, Problem solving/decision making, Interpersonal u Heterogeneous

INTERNAL DETERMINANTS u Inhibitors u Loafing/domination u Individual Goals u Turf battles u Role ambiguity u Counter-productive Group Norms u Unhealthy conflict u Group Think u Contributors u Total Participation u Common Goal u Specified roles u Task, maintenance u Devils advocate u Productive norms u Cohesiveness u Trust u Collaboration u Healthy Conflict

DEVELOP COHESIVENESS            

Stages of Group and Team Development

MITIGATE GROUPTHINK u Look for symptoms of Groupthink u Reduce Groupthink u Mix up the group u Diversify the group u Brainstorming u Allow criticism u Devils advocate u Second chance meetings u Outsider review u Independent groups