The Xerox “Star” A Retrospective By Bruno Nadeau & Luv Sharma.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Introduction to Computers Section 6A. home The Operating System (OS) The operating system (OS) is software that controls the interaction between hardware.
Advertisements

Operating Systems. Operating System (OS) The software that manages the sharing of the resources of a computer. Examples of Operating Systems ◦ Windows.
 An operating system (OS) is a set of computer programs that allow the user to perform basic tasks like copying, moving, saving and printing files. 
Department of Information Science and Telecommunications Interactive Systems Michael B. Spring Department of Information Science and Telecommunications.
Lecture 7 Date: 23rd February
The Xerox Star: A Retrospective Presented by: Yang Wang Michal Shmueli-Scheuer.
© Prentice Hall CHAPTER 3 Computer Software.
The Operating System and the User Interface
Design of the Conceptual Model Winograd, Chapter 2.
MCT260-Operating Systems I Operating Systems I Interfaces to Operating Systems.
Part two. 3.2 operating system architecture  Software have two categories  Application software  System software  Application software: consists of.
Application Software CSC151.
Applications Software
Objectives Machine language vs.. High-level language Procedure-oriented, object-oriented, and event- driven languages Background of Visual Basic VB Integrated.
Operating Systems. Software Software – the instructions that make the CPU do useful things Divided into two main categories – System software – Applications.
–Streamline / organize Improve readability of code Decrease code volume/line count Simplify mechanisms Improve maintainability & clarity Decrease development.
Essential Guide to User Interface Design PART 1 The User Interface – Introduction and Overview Chapter 2 – Characteristics of the Graphical and Web UI.
SOFTWARE.
1 Lecture 9: Deep Dive: Selecting and Creating Objects across Different Kinds of Views Brad Myers A/05-499A: Interaction Techniques Spring, 2014.
Lesson 4 Computer Software
Operating system Part two Introduction to computer, 2nd semester, 2010/2011 Mr.Nael Aburas Faculty of Information.
Hardware vs. Software Computer systems consist of both hardware and software. Hardware refers to anything you can physically touch. Keyboards, mice, monitors,
Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World Discovering Computers 2012.
Lesson 6 Operating Systems and Software
Software What is software? Software is a general name given to all programs that can run on computer hardware such as spreadsheet. There are two types.
Computer Software Computer Technology Day 5. Software  Provides step-by-step instructions that tell the computer how to perform  Categories  System.
Warranty buyer beware. software manufacturers limit their liability for software problems by selling their software “as is”. can’t guarantee error free.
11.10 Human Computer Interface www. ICT-Teacher.com.
Introduction to Interactive Media Interactive Media Tools: Software.
Explain the purpose of an operating system
The Xerox Star: A Retrospective Part 1 By: Frank Lin.
Software Writer:-Rashedul Hasan Editor:- Jasim Uddin.
Software Software consists of the instructions issued to the computer to perform specific tasks. –The software on a computer system refers to the programs.
Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World Discovering Computers 2012.
Basic Computer and Word Functions, part 1 Read the information and use to answer the questions in the Basic Computer and Word Functions Study Guide.
Copyright © 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Introduction to Windows Chapter 2.
1 Chapter 7 Operating System & Utility Programs.  consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices. It.
Paradigms Material from Authors of Human Computer Interaction Alan Dix, et al.
Key Applications Module Lesson 21 — Access Essentials
Lead Black Slide. © 2001 Business & Information Systems 2/e2 Chapter 5 Information System Software.
* Property of STI Page 1 of 18 Software: Systems and Applications Basic Computer Concepts Software  Software: can be divided into:  systems software.
Editors And Debugging Systems Other System Software Text Editors Interactive Debugging Systems UNIT 5 S.Sharmili Priyadarsini.
OPERATING SYSTEM - program that is loaded into the computer and coordinates all the activities among computer hardware devices. -controls the hardware.
Week 5 Mr Manesh T 1 Week 5 Generation of Computer Processors Application Softwares.
C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary Presentations by: Fred Bounds.
Alan Kay: LCC 2700: Intro to Computational Media Spring 2005.
Copyright©2008 N.AlJaffan®KSU1 Chapter 7 Operating System and Utility Programs.
Copyright©2008 N.AlJaffan®KSU1 Chapter 7 Operating System and Utility Programs.
COMPUTER SOFTWARE FORM 1. Learning Area Introduction to computer software Operating System (OS) Application Software Word Processing Software Presentation.
Computer Graphics Lecture 02 Fasih ur Rehman. Last Class Introduction to Computer Graphics Areas Application.
The Xerox Star: A Retrospective Jeff Johnson and Teresa L. Roberts US West Advanced Technologies William Verplank, IDTwo David C. Smith, Cognition, Inc.
CONTENT  Introduction Introduction  Operating System (OS) Operating System (OS) Operating System (OS)  Summary Summary  Application Software Application.
Software Rashedul Hasan. Software Instructions and associated data, stored in electronic format, that direct the computer to accomplish a task. Instructions.
INFORMATION SYSTEM – SOFTWARE TOPIC: GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE.
CMPF124 Personal Productivity With Information Technology Chapter 1 – Part 2 Introduction to Windows Operating Systems Manipulating Windows GUI CMPF 124.
Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World Discovering Computers 2012.
COMPUTER III. Fundamental Concepts of Programming Control Structures Sequence Selection Iteration Flowchart Construction Introduction to Visual Basic.
- How to draw a clear distinction between a client and a server(there is often no clear distinction) - A server may continuously act as a client - Distinction.
Operating Systems Overview Basic Computer Concepts Operating System What does an operating system do  A computer’s software acts similarly with.
Computers Are Your Future Tenth Edition Spotlight 5: Microsoft Office Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.
Graphical User Interface.  A graphical user in terface (GUI) is often pronounced as ‘goo-ey’.  It is atype of user interface that controls a display.
Augmenting Understanding: 2 Digital Innovators LCC 2700: Intro to Computational Media Fall 2005 Ian Bogost.
Chapter 2 – Introduction to Windows Operating System II Manipulating Windows GUI 1CMPF112 Computing Skills for Engineers.
Human Computer Interaction
11.10 Human Computer Interface
Objectives To review concepts covered in the Windows Operating Systems units.
Software engineering USER INTERFACE DESIGN.
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE
Presentation transcript:

The Xerox “Star” A Retrospective By Bruno Nadeau & Luv Sharma

Overview What is the “Star” Features – What Makes it Unique History of Star Development Xerox PARC Lessons Learned

What is the “Star” April 1981, 8010 “Star” Information System Office Automation System –Produce. Retrieve. Distribute. Organize Getting Work Done Vs Interest in the Machine Invisible –Document, Business Graphics, Tables, Personal Data-base, Electronic Mail No Concept of Software, OS, Applications or Programs Casual User / Easy to Learn Unique –Bitmapped Screen, Windows, Mouse-Driven Interface, Icons

Features Machine and Network Level –Architecture and Hardware with the Software in Mind Window and File Manager Level –Visual Organization and Data Integration User-Interface Level –User perception and Interaction Document Editor Level –WYSIWYG and document as core

Machine and Network Level Distributed, Personal Computing –Vs Time-Shared and Stand-Alone Mouse –Pointing Device Vs Command-Line –Relative Pointing Device –Handled at Low-Level –Two Buttons Bit-mapped Display –Vs Character-Mapped –72 ppi

Machine and Network Level Distributed, Personal Computing –Vs Time-Shared and Stand-Alone Mouse –Pointing Device Vs Command-Line –Relative Pointing Device –Handled at Low-Level –Two Buttons Bit-mapped Display –Vs Character-Mapped –72 ppi

Window and File Manager Level Windows –Simultaneous Display of Information –Overlap Integrated Applications –Different types of information edited in one document –Star was not fully integrated Spreadsheets Freehand Drawings

User-Interface Level Desktop Metaphor –Office Analogy –Data File Vs Programs –Vs Tool Metaphor Generic Commands –Reduce the number of commands –Move, Copy, Open, Delete, Show Properties, Same –Possible because of exact object selection –Remove synonym confusion Direct Manipulation / GUI –Recognition Vs Recall –Menus Vs Commands –Direct actions on system state and data

User-Interface Level Desktop Metaphor –Office Analogy –Data File Vs Programs –Vs Tool Metaphor Generic Commands –Reduce the number of commands –Move, Copy, Open, Delete, Show Properties, Same –Possible because of exact object selection –Remove synonym confusion Direct Manipulation / GUI –Recognition Vs Recall –Menus Vs Commands –Direct actions on system state and data

When everything in a computer system is visible on the screen, the display becomes reality. Tesler, L. “The Smalltalk Environment” Byte August 1981, 6(8), pages

User-Interface Level Icons –Visual representation of the content –Concrete Spatial Organization Few Modes –Constancy of Allowed User-Actions –Simultaneous Applications –Noun-Verb Vs Verb-Noun –Indicate the Mode of the System Object Properties Progressive Disclosure –Hide unnecessary functionalities till needed Consistency –Ex. Mouse interaction

User-Interface Level Icons –Visual representation of the content –Concrete Spatial Organization Few Modes –Constancy of Allowed User-Actions –Simultaneous Applications –Noun-Verb Vs Verb-Noun –Indicate the Mode of the System Progressive Disclosure –Hide unnecessary functionalities till needed Consistency –Ex. Mouse interaction Object Properties

User-Interface Level Strong Emphasis on Screen Design –Illusion of Manipulability –Visual Order and User Focus –Revealed Structure –Consistent and Appropriate Graphic Vocabulary –Match the Medium Ex. Anti-Aliasing

User-Interface Level Strong Emphasis on Screen Design –Illusion of Manipulability –Visual Order and User Focus –Revealed Structure –Consistent and Appropriate Graphic Vocabulary –Match the Medium Ex. Anti-Aliasing

User-Interface Level Strong Emphasis on Screen Design –Illusion of Manipulability –Visual Order and User Focus –Revealed Structure –Consistent and Appropriate Graphic Vocabulary –Match the Medium Ex. Anti-Aliasing

Document Editor Level WYSIWYG Document Editor –Display as they will be printed –Ex. Mathematical Formulas Extended Character Set For Multilingual Capability –16-bit Character Code Core Document

Document Editor Level WYSIWYG Document Editor –Display as they will be printed –Ex. Mathematical Formulas Core Document Extended Character Set For Multilingual Capability –16-bit Character Code

Document Editor Level WYSIWYG Document Editor –Display as they will be printed –Ex. Mathematical Formulas Core Document Extended Character Set For Multilingual Capability –16-bit Character Code