Seismic Sources
Unconventional Sources Earthquakes Quarry Blasts Ambient Noise (trains, traffic) Hawman et al., 1999
Source Spectra
Explosives Seismic gel Det cord Blasting Caps
Shot Hole Drilling
Portable Drill Rigs
Seismic Coupling Air vs In-Ground
Explosive Source Noise Generation vs Depth Depth
Shallow “Gun” Sources “Betsy”
Weight Drops
Hammer
Shallow Source Comparison Mijller et al.,
Vibroseis
Vibroseis Signal
Dynamite vs Vibroseis
Marine Sources
Bubble Pulse BP cancellation
Source Strength