LCM Introduction Excel Technology International Corporation

LCM Applications

LCD & LCM Differences n Liquid Crystal Display - User must decide what kind of driver to use. n LCD Module – Provides a PC Board. The driver chips are on the board ready to be used.

Construction of LCD The LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is formed with 6~10µm thick nematic liquid crystal sandwiched between two glass plates with transparent electrode patterns, and polarizers stationed on the outside of the two glass plate. 6. Edge Sealing Glue 7. Conductive Dot Between 2 Glass 8. ITO Electrode 1. Front Polarizer 2. Front Glass 3. Rear Glass 4. Rear Polarizer with Reflector 5. Sealing Glue

Construction of LCD The LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is formed with 6~10µm thick nematic liquid crystal sandwiched between two glass plates with transparent electrode patterns, and polarizers stationed on the outside of the two glass plate. 6. Edge Sealing Glue 8. ITO Electrode 9. Sio 2 Film 10. Alignment Film 11. Spacer 12. Liquid Crystal

Viewing Direction Top 12 O’Clock Bottom 6 O’Clock Right 3 O’Clock Left 9 O’Clock

22   Definition of viewing angle The LCD changes in contrast depending on the direction of viewing and the range within which the display can be recognized is limited. Taking this recognizable range as the viewing angle, it is defined as below: Away from viewerTowards viewer Vertical area of definition Left Right Horizontal area of definition 11

Definition of viewing angle Top =  2 (12 O’Clock)  2 2 Bottom =  1 (6 O’Clock)  1 1  1 1 Top =  2 (12 O’Clock)  2 2

Dot configuration and dimensions B F D G A C B H E A I C D F Dot Size = A x B Character pitch = E Character size = H x I Size of display area = F x G Dot pitch (1) = C Dot pitch (2) = D Character TypeGraphic Type

n Twisted Nematic. n This is the abbreviation of Twisted Nematic field effect mode. This is the mode which arranges the liquid crystal molecules by controlling their movement with electric voltage (electric field) so as to twist them by 90 o in the through the polarizer placed on the two upper lower plate of LCD by controlling the movement of the liquid crystal molecules. n Almost all of medium and small type segment-display LCDs are in this mode, which is therefore this is the most common mode. What is a TN (Twisted Nematic) Mode LCD  90 o

Super Twisted Nematic This is the abbreviation of Super Twisted Nematic field effect mode. While the TN mode arrange the liquid crystal molecules by twisting them by 90 o,the STN mode arrange them by giving a still larger twist and provides display by birefringence effect of liquid crystal. The LCD structure in the STN mode is the same as that in liquid crystal, adopting birefringence effect, there is a color in the display and also a background color. In this STN mode, a wide-viewing angle view is obtained, and the STN offers a high-contrast display compared with the TN mode. Specially, it is widely used in large size full-dot matrix LCD module. For colors, it has two modes depending on the combination of polarizer, namely, yellow mode and gray mode. What is a STN (Super Twisted Nematic) Mode LCD ?  120  240 o Birefringence=

LCD Form of Display LCD Form of Display Negative Positive D-TN Mode Transmissive Type Reflective Type Transflective Type Transmissive Type TN Mode Transflective Type Transmissive Type Shutter Type Color Colored Polarizer D-TN Color Transmissive TypeTransflective Type Reflective Type

LCM Construction Bezel (Metal Frame) LCD PCB 1. TAB 2. COF 3. COG Backlighting 1. LED 2. EL 3. C.C.F.L. LCD Driver I.C. 1. Package 2. Die Form 3. TAB Type Connector 1.Rubber Connector 2.Pin Connector 3.Flexible Connector

How to drive the LCD Com. & Seg.

Products Numbering System Character Type Display Format Character LCM Series number T=TN Y= Yellow green STN G= Silver gray STN R: Reflective F: Transflective M: Transmissive N: Negative E=EL L=LED C=CCFL Columns (C) x Lines (H) H= High Temp. N= Normal Temp. A= Amber B= Blue green R= Red W= White Y= Yellow green B=Bottom view 6H T=Top view 12H EX16200YFNL B Y 1 LCD series No.

Products Numbering System Graphic Type LCM Display Format Graphic LCM T=TN Y= Yellow green STN G= Silver gray STN Dot number C x R EX24128 YHLYF1 B LCD series No. R: Reflective F: Transflective M: Transmissive N: Negative H= High Temp. N= Normal Temp. E=EL L=LED C=CCFL A= Amber B= Blue green R= Red W= White Y= Yellow green B=Bottom view 6H T=Top view 12H