Monitoring Jason-1 and TOPEX/POSEIDON from a California Offshore Platform: Latest Results from the Harvest Experiment Bruce Haines and Shailen Desai Jet.

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Presentation transcript:

Monitoring Jason-1 and TOPEX/POSEIDON from a California Offshore Platform: Latest Results from the Harvest Experiment Bruce Haines and Shailen Desai Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena CA George Born University of Colorado, Boulder Steve Gill NOAA National Ocean Service, Silver Spring MD March 12–15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Team Meeting Hobart, Australia

Motivation How do we best calibrate sea-level record at the 1 mm/level? Geographically correlated errors in both the bias and rate What are the sources of the errors? March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Map of Harvest Vicinity NOAA BUOYS SCRIPPS BUOY HARVEST March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

HARVEST EXPERIMENT WVR (JPL) GPS ANTENNA (JPL) + 54 m MET SENSORS LASER SENSOR (CU) + 27 m EQUIP SHED (NEW VSAT DISH) Point Arguello, CA + 6 m BUBBLER2 (NOAA) BUBBLER1 (NOAA)

14 Years of Continuous GPS Monitoring March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Harvest Closure Analysis (SSH Bias) Nominal Models for Altimeter Leg in Closure Equation Some extended analysis: Examine retracked ALT-B data (cycles 290–365) Revisit legacy data (Jason GDR-A and T/P MGDR) with new in situ models Evaluate preliminary ITRF2005-based solutions for T/P, Jason-1 orbits and platform position March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Long-Term Sea-Surface Height Bias Estimates Nominal (T/P: MGDR-B+TMR+GSFC TVG; Jason-1: GDR-B) March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Long-Term Sea-Surface Height Bias Estimates Legacy Products (T/P MGDR; Jason GDR-A) March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Calibration of Vertical Wet Path Delay at Harvest USING DATA FROM HARVEST GPS RECEIVERS Uncalibrated (MGDR TMR & GDR-A JMR) Calibrated (Repro. TMR & GDR-B JMR) March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Jason-1 Calibration Phase: Formation Flight with TOPEX/Poseidon (Jan Jason-1 Calibration Phase: Formation Flight with TOPEX/Poseidon (Jan. – Aug. 2002) Satellites trace out same ground track Jason-1 leads T/P by 70 s (~400 km) Presents unique opportunity to cross calibrate independent measurements systems. Enables observation of the same spot on the ocean surface under nearly identical environmental and ocean conditions. March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Jason-1 Verification Phase: Dual Overflight Results March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

T/P (ALT-B) Retracked Data Relative Ku-Band Range During Jason-1 Verification Phase: (HORBIT – RKu)JASON — (HORBIT – RKu)TOPEX SSH Bias (ALT–B) for Repeat Cycles 290–365 (RGDR Release) Strategy No Mean Median  Nominal 34 –3 ± 6 –8 LSE +3 ± 6 +4 36 Map –39 ± 9 –56 52 March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Harvest Summary Jason-1 SSH biased (high) by 11 cm. Contrasts with +15 cm bias in legacy (GDR-A) data at epoch (2002.0) Jason-1 SSH drift (< 1 mm/yr) statistically insignificant Contrasts with large –10 mm/yr drift in legacy (GDR-A) data Re-calibrated JMR and improved POE responsible for improvement T/P SSH biases small < 1 cm bias for ALT-A, ALT-B at epoch Poseidon-1 bias (–2 cm) slightly significant Slight drifts (< 1–2 mm/yr) in T/P altimeter measurement systems Questionable statistical significance from Harvest data alone New TMR wet path delay correction stable Remaining drift << 1 mm/yr Slight residual drift in JMR–GPS –2.6 mm/yr at Harvest; not observed in global GPS results (Desai et al.) ITRF2005 will affect SSH stability estimates at 1 mm/yr level (preliminary). Mostly from change in estimated platform position; orbit effect small at Harvest lat. Mixed results for T/P retracked data LSE comparable to nominal, but fewer overflight samples survive (high o). High scatter for MAP estimates. March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Backup Slides March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Geographically Correlated Errors Jason-1 — T/P SSH (Tandem Verification Phase) Harvest Corsica Assumptions Jason-1 GDR-B replaces GDR-A New GSFC T/P orbit (GGM02C) replaces MGDR POE Global TMR drift correction applied Topex ALT-B retracked range NOT used (next step) ASC. TRACKS s = 16 mm 110 142 174 (mm) DES. TRACKS s = 12 mm BASS STRAIT 110 142 174 (mm) March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Geographically Correlated Errors Remain  SSH Bias: Harvest vs Geographically Correlated Errors Remain  SSH Bias: Harvest vs. Global Results March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Calibration of Ionosphere Delay at Harvest USING DATA FROM JPL GIM SOLUTION March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Jason-1 SSH Stability Estimates Jason-1 GDR (Ver. A) + GPS Orbit + GPS Orbit + GPS Wet Path Delay + GPS Orbit + Calibrated JMR data March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Conditions at Harvest are Typical of Open Ocean March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Periodicities in the Platform Height March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Geographically Correlated Radial Orbit Error Rate GDR Orbit — JPL GPS: Radial Rate for Cycles 1–90 All Tracks Descending Tracks Ascending Tracks Corsica: Rate = –0.5 mm/yr Bass Strait: Rate = –4.9 mm/yr Harvest: Rate = –6.6 mm/yr –10 10 mm/yr March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

GPS Antenna Phase Center Variations Postfit tracking residuals are binned by az/el (Hurst and Bar-Sever, 1998) Both carrier phase and pseudorange Resulting antenna PCV maps used in precise point positioning Mitigate multipath and other systematic GPS errors Maps reduce amplitude of residual annual signal from 5.5 mm to 3.6 mm March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

CU Laser Sea Level System March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

CU Laser Sea Level System Installed on 12 m deck, upstream of platform legs. In operation since March, 2002 (precise survey pending). Data used to mitigate Digibub sea-state errors. Agreement between NOAA and CU sea level (after removing sea-state effect) is ~1.7 cm. March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

CU Sea Level System March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Error Budget: Bias March 12-15, 2007 Ocean Surface Topography Science Working Team Meeting Cal/Val Splinter Session

Jason-1 – T/P Sea Surface Height: Descending Tracks Formation Flying Phase Jason-1 GDR: Cycles 1–21 T/P MDGR + TMR Drift Correction: Cycles 344–364 SOUTH Mean = 164.6 mm s = 10.8 mm TROPICS Mean = 154.1 mm s = 10.7 mm NORTH Mean = 160.0 mm s = 12.0 mm GLOBAL Mean = 159.0 mm s = 12.1 mm mm

Jason-1 – T/P Sea Surface Height: Ascending Tracks Formation Flying Phase Jason-1 GDR: Cycles 1–21 T/P MDGR + TMR Drift Correction: Cycles 344–364 SOUTH Mean = 172.5 mm s = 10.9 mm TROPICS Mean = 152.1 mm s = 11.4 mm NORTH Mean = 148.1 mm s = 12.7 mm GLOBAL Mean = 160.0 mm s = 15.9 mm mm