23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology. 23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology New framework: Integration of observations and mechanical.

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Presentation transcript:

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology New framework: Integration of observations and mechanical analysis Builds on traditional courses that emphasize descriptive terminology, geometric techniques and kinematics “What methodology should we adopt to solve the problems of structural geology?” “What are the fundamental constructs* that must be acknowledged and honored?” *conservation laws of mass, momentum, and energy combined with constitutive laws for material behavior and the kinematic relationships for strain and rate of deformation. Contributions: Natural resource discovery, assessment of natural hazards, and management of the environment Intellectural and aesthetic pleasure

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology Motivations and opportunities Earthquake hazards in California Radar lineaments on Venus Faulting in the North Sea Anticracks in France Mountain building on the Colorado Plateau Photos from textbook web site.

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology Responsibility of relevance

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology Contributions forom geology, geodesy, geophysics: integrate for comprehensive view

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology Different views of an earthquake rupture: shear zone, different processes, and heterogeneity

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology Seismological model of the rupture

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology How does deformation relate to state of stress? Why do fractures initiate, propagate, and arrest where they do?

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology Hillers

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology Equilibrium analysis of Gilbert Hypothesis: Deeper laccoliths are wider because of need to have great area to push up against increasing weight of overburden. F=ma; Newton’s second law P m  a 2 Magma pushing up S2  ad Shear resistance of faults P w  a 2 Overburden pushing down (P m –P w )  a 2 –2Sad = 0 a = 2dS/(P m -P w )

23 June 2015GLG510 Advanced Structural Geology Concluding remarks Strategy for understanding complex tectonic processes: combine observations with conceptual and numerical models Reductionism: break complex processes into their fundamental elements, analyze, then reassemble Role of structural geology in society