Nucleophilic substitution of halogenoalkanes.. H H H C C H H H H C C H H Br δ+δ+δ-δ- polar +ve centre electronegative.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Elimination Reactions

Advertisements

MUDDLE YOUR WAY THROUGH ORGANIC MECHANISMS KNOCKHARDY PUBLISHING A VERY BRIEF INTRODUCTION 2008 SPECIFICATIONS.

C h e m i c a l R e a c t i o n s. C h e m i c a l R e a c t i o n A p r o c e s s i n w h i c h o n e s u b s t a n c e i s c h a n g e d i n t o a n.

Introduction to halogenoalkanes Starter: Test your partner on the homework questions Keywords: Halogenoalkane Nucleophile Substitution reaction.

ACIDS AND BASES TOPIC 8 1. ARRHENIUS MODEL OF ACIDS AND BASES Acid is a substance that contains hydrogen and ionizes to produce a hydrogen ion in an aqueous.

bond formed by the giving or Ionic Bond bond formed by the giving or taking of electrons.

Properties of Bonds Polarity Bond Order Bond Length Bond Energy.

I can apply a knowledge of the rate equations for the hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes to deduce the mechanisms for primary and tertiary halogenoalkane hydrolysis.

MUDDLE YOUR WAY THROUGH ORGANIC MECHANISMS KNOCKHARDY PUBLISHING A VERY BRIEF INTRODUCTION 2008 SPECIFICATIONS.

Part 4: Reactions of Alcohols; Substitution Rxns

New Way Chemistry for Hong Kong A-Level Book 3A1 Introduction to Organic Reactions 28.1Types of Reactive Species in Organic Chemistry 28.2Ways of Breaking.

Periodic Relationship among the Oxides, Chlorides & Hydrides

Polarity – It exists in two forms Bond Polarity We looking at the difference in electronegativies between atoms to determine how they share their electrons.

Polarity How does electronegativity affect the polarity of a covalent bond? How does the shape of a molecule affect the polarity of a molecule?

CONTENTS Prior knowledge Structure and classification Nomenclature Physical properties Basic properties Nucleophilic properties Amino acids Peptides and.

F Consider the bonding in HF: H Obviously they will share an electron to form a covalent bond.

Fission, addition, substitution and elimination. Starter We have covered lots of material in the last few lessons, it would be really useful to know;

Introduction to halogenoalkanes

AMINES. Naming How many chains are coming off the Nitrogen atom in the amine Count the number of carbons in each chain Name each chain as a branch Add.

ORGANIC MECHNISMS. MEET THE ATTACKERS Press the space bar.

Acid and Bases. ACID-BASE THEORIES 1 of 2 The most general theory for common aqueous acids and bases is the BRØNSTED - LOWRY theoryThe most general.

Halogenoalkane Reactions Section Introduction In halogenoalkanes, the carbon atom is partially positive because of the polarity of the C-halogen.

Dissociation of water and pH. Hydronium and Hydroxide Water most typically exists as H 2 O, two Hydrogens bonded to a single Oxygen But the polar covalent.

CH H H H Chemistry All you need to know about bonding (unless you really want to know a lot) (And a lot of random science facts)

20.2 Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions. Starter Outline the differences between the Sn1 and Sn2 Mechanism.

What do each of these have in common ? H 2 N C COOH H H.

3.3.3 Halogenoalkanes.

AN INTRODUCTION TO THE CHEMISTRY OF HALOGENOALKANES.

Nucleophilic Substitution Swapping

Chapter 6 Adel M. Awadallah Islamic University of Gaza

Halogenoalkanes and Benzene

Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases

Reactions of haloalkanes…

2.4 Polar Covalent Bonds Unequal Sharing

Nucleophilic Substitution

Polar Covalent Bonds; Acids and Bases

Organic Synthesis Unit 2.

Reactions of A/B.

Electronegativity and Polarity

Polar Bonds and Molecules Chapter 8.4

Part 5: SN1 & SN2; Elimination & Condensation Rxns

PowerPoint-Organic Topic-10.5

Nucleophilic Elimination

Polar Molecules Section 3.3.

Part 5: SN1 & SN2; Elimination & Condensation Rxns

Electronegativity and Polarity

Day 40 – Daily Starter Consider your understanding of ionic bonding and valence electrons, which side of the periodic table has elements that have a stronger.

Neutralization Reactions

Intermolecular attractions

Phenol Understand the reaction of phenol with bromine water

Carboxylic Acids (alkanoic acids)

Electronegativity -Electronegativity increases from left to right and increases from top to bottom.

Electronegativity and Polarity

Bell work What’s the meaning? nucleophillic substitution.

Chapter 6 Adel M. Awadallah Islamic University of Gaza

1,2,3-triiodocyclopropane

Chapter 6 Adel M. Awadallah Islamic University of Gaza

6.1 Introduction to Chemical Bonding

Chapter 6 Adel M. Awadallah Islamic University of Gaza

Electronegativity and Polarity

Polar versus Nonpolar.

Covalent Bonds.

Forces of Attraction Lecture

Electronegativity and Polarity

Presentation transcript:

Nucleophilic substitution of halogenoalkanes.

H H H C C H H H H C C H H Br δ+δ+δ-δ- polar +ve centre electronegative

NaOH  Na + + OH - O H - Nucleophile Can be –ve or neutral Attracted to a +ve centre

H H H C C H H H H C C H H Br δ+δ+δ-δ- H O -

H H H C C H H H H C C H H HO -

NaOH  Na + + OH - O H - Nucleophile Can be –ve or neutral Attracted to a +ve centre Donates a lone pair to form a dative covalent bond

H H H C C H H H H C C H H Br δ+δ+δ-δ- H O - H H H C C H H H H C C H H H O -

NaOH(aq) + halogenoalkane Reagent: NaOH(aq) Conditions: Heat and reflux