4/30/031 Wireless Sensor Networks for Habitat Monitoring CS843 Gangalam Vinaya Bhaskar Rao

4/30/032 Topics 1.Introduction 2.Need for Habitat Monitoring 3.System Architecture for Habitat Monitoring 4.Implementation Strategies 5.Current Result 6.Conclusion

4/30/033 Introduction  Habitat monitoring represent a class of sensor network applications with enormous potentials benefits for scientific communication and society  The sensor nodes are more efficient in providing localized measurements and detailed information of local processing and storage allows sensor nodes to perform complex filtering and triggering functions.  The ability to communicate allows to cooperate in performing more complex tasks, like statistical sampling, data aggregation, and status monitoring.

4/30/034 Introduction Contd.  The computing and networking capabilities allow sensor networks to be reprogrammed or retasked after the deployment.  The impact of sensor networks for habitat and environmental monitoring will be measured by their ability to enable new applications and produce new results other wise too difficult to realize

4/30/035 Need for Habitat Monitoring  Researchers in the life sciences are becoming increasingly concerned about the potentials impacts of human presence in monitoring plants and animals in field conditions.  A disturbance can seriously reduce or even destroy sensitive populations by increasing stress, reducing breeding success, increasing predation, or causing a shift to unsuitable habitats.  Disturbance effects are of particular concern in small island situation, where it may be physically impossible for researchers to avoid some species on an entire population.  So, sensor network deployment may represent a substantially more economical method for conducting long-term studies than traditional personnel-rich methods

4/30/036 System Architecture The designed architecture is a tiered architecture The basic units in the design are :-- 1.Sensor nodes 2.Sensor node gateway 3.Base Station 4.Sensor Patch

4/30/037

8 Implementation Strategies  Sensor Network Node  Sensor Board  Energy Budget  Sensor Deployment  Base Installation  Database Management System

4/30/039 Sensor Network Node  In this deployment, they have used UC Berkeley motes as the sensor nodes.  The latest family of the family, called Mica[11]

4/30/0310 Sensor Board  To provide relevant measurements to scientists, they have designed and manufactured an environmental monitoring sensor board  This weather board includes temperature, photo resistor, barometric pressure, humidity, and passive infrared sensors.

4/30/0311 Energy Budget  Many habitat monitoring applications need to run for nine months.  Mica runs on a pair of AA batteries, with are typically 2.5 amps.  The application chooses how to allocate this energy budget between sleep modes, sensing, local calculations and communications.  We need budget our power with respect to the energy.

4/30/0312 To estimate of what is possible on a Mica mote with a pair AA batteries, we tabulated the costs of various basic operations in this table.

4/30/0313 Sensor Deployment The wireless sensor network was deployed on July 2002

4/30/0314 Base Station Installation  It provides remote access to the habitat monitoring networks, the sensor network patches is connected to the internet through a wide area link.  It is considered as a turnkey system, since it needs to run unattended. Database Management  The base station currently uses Postgres SQL database.

4/30/0315 Current Results  32 motes are deployed on Great Duck Island.  They have calculated the emotes have sufficient power to operate for the next six months, even though biologists will stop visiting the island.  The new data will provide insights into the climate activity through the fall and winter.  The performance so far is considered to be excellent.

4/30/0316 Conclusion  Habitat monitoring represent an important class of sensor network applications.  The system which is designed is used at the College of the Atlantic to define the core application requirements.  As end users are ultimately interested in the sensor network system must deliver the data of interest in a confidence inspiring manner.

4/30/0317 Questions ? Thank you.