Outline of Chapter 3! Settling the Northern Colonies

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Presentation transcript:

Outline of Chapter 3! Settling the Northern Colonies 1619-1700 By Allen Kim And Paul No

Protestant Reformation The German friar Martin Luther started religious reforms called the Protestant Reformation during the early 1500s. King Henry VIII of England breaks ties with the Roman Catholic church-1530s- and makes himself the head of the English church (Anglican church). “Puritans” want to completely wipe away all Catholic rituals and beliefs from the church of England.

Puritans and the Massachusetts Bay Company Agreed to admit only “visible saints” to church membership In 1629, the non-separatist Puritans approved the royal charter to form the Massachusetts Bay Company. The Great Migration (1630-1642)- about 14,000 English people immigrated to the Bay colony. Only Puritans-”visible saints”- were allowed to vote. Dissenters were banished from the colony; Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams were few of them. Governor Winthrop declared that the Mass. Bay colony would be “a city upon a hill” for they believed that they had a covenant with God to create a holy society; a paragon of all.

Separatists and the Plymouth Colony Negotiated with the Virginia Company in order to step into the New World. The Mayflower Compact(1620)-majority rule policy. William Bradford- He was chosen to be the governor of the Plymouth colony from 1621-1657. He feared that non-puritan settlers would interrupt his “godly experiment” in making a pure society.

Puritans Versus Indians An epidemic swept across the Indian lands; it killed ¾ of the Indians. As the new English settlers pushed the Indians more inland, hostility grew. The Wampanoag Indians led by their chieftain, Metacom, or King Philip, destroyed and attacked many English frontiers and towns. The English defeated and killed King Philip. No Indians seriously threatened the New England colonies again. Governor Winthrop formed the New England Confederation in 1643 for defense against potential foes such as the Indians and the French.

New Netherland-New Amsterdam-New York City New Netherland was established by the Dutch West India Company. It was bought from the Indians, giving pennies per acre of 22,000 acres. New Amsterdam was surrendered to the Duke of York. New York was an excellent trading place strategically located in the opening of Hudson River and two mainland colonies.

Pennsylvania Quakers-group of dissenters who hated warfare, military servitude, and did not make oaths. William Penn-1681- secured a huge grant of land to be an asylum for the Quakers. Freedom of religion, race, and opinion. Also existed civil liberty and economic opportunity. Good relationships with the Native Americans. Various ethnic groups-Dutch, Swedes, English, Welsh. Other Quaker colonies- New Jersey, Delaware.

The Middle Colonies Fertile land. The middle colonies were called “bread colonies” for producing fine grain. Rivers supported with transportation and plantations. Industries- lumber, shipbuilding, grain, seaports. The most ethnically mixed than the other settlements. Religious tolerance and democracy.