THE NEXT BIG REVOLUTION NANOTECHNOLOGY: THE NEXT BIG REVOLUTION Dr. Albert Lozano Program Head Nanotechnology Program Commonwealth College The Pennsylvania State University

WHAT IS NANOTECHNOLOGY? Building very small structures namometer scale (nm) Human hair: 50,000 nm across Bacteria: About 200 nm across 10 Hydrogen atoms lined up: 10 nm Unaid human vision: 10,000 nm Nanotechnology: Build structures 1 to 100 nm

WHY NANOTECHNOLOGY? Use atomic properties of materials Less is more in medicine Increase power of computer chips Sensors responding to lower concentrations Stain-resistant clothing Bathroom coating: self-cleaning !!! New applications being implemented almost daily (www.smalltimes.com) Integrate biology, chemistry, eng…

NANOTECHNOLOGY in the US Jan 2000: President Clinton developed the National Nanotechnology Initiative: $227 M increase funding Dec. 3, 2003: President Bush signed 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act $ 3.7 Billion over 4 years NNI: One of the few Clinton-era programs strongly backed by Bush Administration Bipartisan support: Senator Joseph Lieberman and former Speaker-of-the-House Newt Gingrich

BECOMING INVOLVED IN NANOTECHNOLOGY Ph.D. Research & MS. Development BS. Current applications AAS. Support Educational Opportunities at all levels within Penn State

CAREERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY Education and academia Agriculture Food and beverage industries Environmental monitoring Communications and media Aerospace Electronics Information technology Many new industries the are emerging as a result of advances in nanotech

Applications Biotechnology Microarrays – gene expression studies DNA sequencing through micropores (sequence the entire human genome in 2 hr instead of 3 years). Medicine Personalized medicine Microfluidics (a miniaturized laboratory) Synthesis of extremely small probes that can examine individual strands of DNA for disease detection. Man-made capillary systems to bring nutrients to artificial organs.

Applications Engineering Manufacturing extrenely strong fibers atom by atom Very small valves Aerospace engineering Homeland Security Nanostructures as incredibly sensitive chemical and biological substance detectors (nanosensors) Information technology

Applications Engineering Current advances in semiconductor electronics come through nanoelectronics state-of-the-art conventional transistor is now only about 100 nm in length Everyday life Flat, picture-like televisions and computer screens Pollution detectors Food bacteria detection Textiles Automotive / Transportation

PENN STATE - COMMONWEALTH COLLEGE APPROACH TO NANOTECHNOLOGY Associate of Applied Science Degree In Nanofabrication Manufacturing Technology Engineering Technology Option Science Option Currently developing a Baccalaureate Degree Seamless transition for AAS graduates 3 Semesters Home Campus (WB, FY, HZ, MK, YK) 1 Semester Nanofabrication Facility (UP)

PENN STATE – COMMONWEALTH COLLEGE 3 semesters Home Campus Develop skills to work in clean room facilities Electronics, Science, Math skills Plus PSU General Education requirements 1 semester at University Park Campus at Nanofabrication Facility $32 million dollar, state-of-the-art laboratory Hands-on experience all semester Work with industry equipment  Productive University Park residential living

Capstone Semester at University Park PENN STATE – COMMONWEALTH COLLEGE 2NMT / ET Option 1st Semester 2nd Semester Engineering Design and Graphics 3 Electrical Circuits with Lab 4 English Composition 3 Art, Humanities, Social Sci. Electives 3 Technical Math I 4 Digital Electronics with Lab 4 Technical Math II 3 Physics I 3 Electrical Circuits II with Lab 5 3rd Semester 4th Semester Chemical Principles with Lab 4 Introduction to Nanotechnology 3 Intro. to Quality Control for Nanotech 1 Effective Speech Communication 3 Elementary Statistics 4 Art, Humanities, Social Sci. Electives 3 Capstone Semester at University Park 18 credits

Capstone Semester at University Park PENN STATE – COMMONWEALTH COLLEGE 2NMT / Science Option 1st Semester 2nd Semester Freshman Biology or Human Physiology 3 - 4 Electrical Circuits with Lab 4 English Composition 3 Art, Humanities, Social Sci. Electives 6 Basic Programming 3 Algebra – Trigonometry or Calculus 5 Physics I 3 Intro to Nanofabrication Technology 3 3rd Semester 4th Semester Inorganic Chemistry with Lab 4 Physics II 3 Effective Speech Communication 3 Elementary Statistics 4 Technical Elective 3 Capstone Semester at University Park 18 credits

Introduction to Nanotechnology Quality Control and Quality Assurance 1 credit Taught at local campus Intro to modern statistical quality control methods used by industry. Recommended by Technical Advisory Committee Topics include: Q.C. concepts, principles, procedures, statistical tools, Statistical control of nanofabrication manufacturing and production processes and systems.

Introduction to Nanofabrication Manufacturing Technology Three credits Taught at local campus Gives an overview of atomic physics and the use of atoms to build devices and machines Topics include: Atoms Semiconductors Transistors Integrated circuits Basic Nanofabrication Processes The Nanotech industry

NANOFABRICATION FACILITY $32 million, state-of-the-art facility Professional engineering staff Class Ten Cleanrooms Broad spectrum of equipment Shared by educational institutions across the Commonwealth Three capstone semesters each year Facility available to industry.

NANOFABRICATION FACILITY Electron beam lithography and optical lithography Plasma etching tools Plasma deposition tools Physical vapor deposition equipment Chemical vapor deposition equipment Ion implanter

Capstone Courses Materials, Safety, and Equipment Overview for Nanofabrication Basic Nanofabrication Processes Thin Films in Nanofabrication Advanced Lithography and Patterning Techniques Materials Modification in Nanofabrication Characterization, Packaging, and Testing of Nanofabricated Structures

PENN STATE COMMONWEALTH COLLEGE: FUTURE DIRECTIONS Development of a BS in Science with a Nanoscience option (Fall 2005) Nanotechnology EXPO High school counselors, science teachers and students Technical advisory committee at each campus Nanoscience 001-natural science elective for all students Nanotechnology module for first year Engineering Design and Graphics (EDG 100) course

The next Industrial Revolution JOB MARKET IN NANOTECHNOLOGY The next Industrial Revolution Media reports to sense National Interest AAS Graduates ranging $35k - $46k Only area other than homeland security that experienced increased growth in federal spending Private sector spent $2 billion in 2002 Opportunities for dual degrees: 2EET and 2NMT in 5 semesters

PROFESSIONAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR 2NMT GRADUATES (where are the jobs?) Pharmaceuticals Biomedical Micro-electromechanical devices (MEMs) Opto-electronics (fiber-optic communications) Sensors Power electronics Microelectronics (chips) … and many more to come!

PROFESSIONAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR 2NMT GRADUATES (where are the jobs?) Pennsylvania nanofabrication workforce development program Workforce development program is the Pennsylvania Nanofabrication Manufacturing Technology (NMT) Partnership Two-year degree graduates of the “capstone experience” are receiving salary offers in the $30,000 - $52,000 range Baccalaureate graduates have starting salaries averaging $62,000

Thank you !