Einstein’s Lens Presented by: Kevin McLin, SSU NASA E/PO 2008 EA Training, SSU Einstein’s Lens

Einstein’s Lens Einstein’s big idea Mass bends space. Light follows the shortest path through space.

Einstein’s Lens So a star’s position in the sky… Einstein’s big idea Star here…

Einstein’s Lens …appears shifted because of the bending. Einstein’s big idea Appears to be here

Einstein’s Lens The positions of stars in the night sky are known to high accuracy… Stars here… …but the Sun’s gravity will warp the space that the starlight travels through Testing the prediction

Einstein’s Lens So when their light passes close by the Sun their positions will appear to change Appear to be here …if you could see them during the day! Testing the prediction

Einstein’s Lens On May 29, 1919, the Sun passed in front of the bright Hyades star cluster …and the Moon passed in front of the Sun. As predicted…

Einstein’s Lens Sky map showing the amount and direction of shift of star positions. As predicted…

Einstein’s Lens Read all about it… This headline appeared in The New York Times on November 10, 1919.

Einstein’s Lens Advances in telescope technology have revealed a universe of illusion! Lensing goes cosmic…

Einstein’s Lens The discovery of identical quasars in the 1970s took gravitational lensing to cosmological scales Identical twins?

Einstein’s Lens Lensing on a cosmic scale

Einstein’s Lens The discovery of lensed quasars not only showed the power of Einstein’s idea, but was the proof that the enigmatic quasars were at vast cosmological distances. Quasar from the VLA radio telescope Breaking news

Einstein’s Lens What shape is your lens? Spherical lens gives an Einstein ring

Einstein’s Lens Elongated lens gives multiple images – Einstein Cross What shape is your lens?

Einstein’s Lens What shape is your lens? Multiple lenses give multiple sets of arcs and arclets

Einstein’s Lens Gravitational lenses have become one of the most important tools in modern astronomy Aside from nice pictures, what can lensing do for us?

Einstein’s Lens Seeing the most distant - and youngest - galaxies in the universe 1. The biggest magnifying glass in the universe!

Einstein’s Lens Different images take different paths, and have different travel times. 2. A new way to measure distance

Einstein’s Lens A star’s brightness is magnified by a black hole lens. Just passing through…

Einstein’s Lens Exposing Dark Matter Foreground mass distorts images of background objects

Einstein’s Lens Lensing maps both the mass we can see, and the mass we can’t. Strong Lensing

Einstein’s Lens Weak Lensing... Correlated Distortions Look for correlations in galaxy orientations in small region of image Image Credit: Y. Mellier

Einstein’s Lens A Smoking Gun for Dark Matter These correlations give a map along the line of sight of the matter distribution

Einstein’s Lens 5. Ogling alien worlds Gravitational Microlensing: A whole new way to find planets around other stars

Einstein’s Lens Black hole hunting A black hole’s presence is revealed by its own gravity. Animation Here

Einstein’s Lens Not just proof of an amazing idea, but a cutting-edge tool of 21st century astronomy. Full Circle

Einstein’s Lens Demonstrations... GLOYD: Gravitational Lensing on Your Desktop - Matt Turk, KIPAC/Stanford

Einstein’s Lens Demonstrations... A Wine Glass: Let’s try this one...

Einstein’s Lens 1919 Eclipse: National Maritime Museum, Greenwich Q : J. Rhoads, S. Malhotra, I. Dell'Antonio (NOAO) / WIYN / NOAO / NSF Identical quasars: STScI (George Rhee)‏ Quasar diagram: NASA / CXC / M. Weiss Lens shape diagrams: European Space Agency Einstein ring: STScI, Imperial College (Steve Warren, Simon Dye)‏ Einstein Cross: ESA and NASA Abell 1689: N. Benitez (JHU), et al, and the ACS Science Team, ESA, NASA Gravitational lensing: NASA, ESA, J. Blakeslee and H. Ford (JHU))‏ Arcs: ESA, NASA, J.-P. Kneib (Caltech / Obs. Midi-Pyrénées) and R. Ellis (Caltech)‏ Cloverleaf quasar: NASA / CXC / Penn State / G. Chartas, et al Lensing animation: Frank Summers (STScI)‏ Bullet Cluster: NASA STScI/Chandra and Magellan, U of AZ Microlensing: NASA and Dave Bennett (University of Notre Dame, Indiana)‏ CL : European Southern Observatory Planet search: OGLE Collaboration Full circle: NASA, ESA, A. Bolton (Harvard-Smithsonian CfA) and the SLACS Team ALBERT EINSTEIN and related rights ™/© of The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, used under license. Represented by the Roger Richman Agency, Inc., Image Credits