EPNES Meeting February 4, 2003

PSpice Simulation of Series and Parallel Switches Simulation Objectives Create M x N matrix of switches and transient protection circuits Evaluate and test different methods of interconnecting the parallel strings Design switch and snubber circuits Load modeling Construct a robust system to simulate errors in component values and asynchronous switching Build hierarchical blocks to provide easy manipulation of switches

M x N switch matrix with RCD voltage snubbers Connection Methods M x N switch matrix with RCD voltage snubbers

Connection Methods Isolated String Cross Bridge

Switch and Snubber Design Switching specifications: On-State Resistance: .4 ohms Off-State Resistance: 100 Meg- ohms Operating Voltage: 1.9v Release Voltage: .7V Turn-on Time: 1ms Turn-off Time: .2ms

Switch and Snubber Design Turn-off Snubber Turn-on Snubber

Load Modeling Load Specifications: Method 1: Method 2: RL load 400 Vdc supply 10,000 watt load Method 1: Assume RL load with a power factor of 86% lagging. Method 2: Construct a 10kW constant-power steady-state load RL load

Constant-Power Load

Hierarchical Block Construction

Hierarchical Block Construction

Hierarchical Block Construction

Hierarchical Block Construction

Hierarchical Block Construction

Hierarchical Block Construction

4x64 Switch Cross Bridge Simulation: Synchronized switching

4x64 Switch Cross Bridge Simulation: Asynchronized switching

4x64 Switch Cross Bridge Simulation: Asynchronized switching Parallel Switch Currents

4x64 Switch Isolated String Simulation: Synchronized switching

4x64 Switch Isolated String Simulation: Asynchronized switching

Future Goals Verify simulated systems (on a smaller scale) with actual experimental data Source impedance modeling Finalize load model Analysis of system during switch failure Analytical model of system behavior

References H. A. C. Tilmans, E. Fullin, H. Ziad, “A fully-packaged electro-magnetic microrelay,” www.csem.ch/detailed/pdf/c_mems99.pdf N. Mohan, T. Undeland, W. Robbins, Power Electronics, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1995.