Global Action Plan for Laboratory Containment of Wild Polioviruses

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Presentation transcript:

Review of Global Action Plan for Laboratory Containment of Wild Polioviruses

Global Action Plan for Laboratory Containment of Wild Polioviruses Purpose: To provide a systematic, world-wide Action Plan to minimise the risk of reintroduction of wild polioviruses from the laboratory into the community.

Definitions of poliovirus Polioviruses: human enteroviruses that exist as 3 well defined serotypes, which infect cells via a specific receptor (PVR:CD155) Wild polioviruses: field isolates and reference strains derived from polioviruses known or believed to have circulated persistently in the community Oral polio vaccine strains: attenuated polioviruses approved for use in oral vaccines by national control authorities Vaccine-derived polioviruses: progeny of approved oral poliovirus vaccine strains

What materials are we looking for? 1. Wild poliovirus infectious materials: known to be infected with wild poliovirus 2. Wild poliovirus potentially infectious materials: possibly infected with wild poliovirus Clinical / diagnostic specimens (Throat, fecal, CSF, or unfixed autopsy specimens from confirmed or suspected poliomyelitis cases) Environmental specimens (water/sewage samples +polio) Research materials (isolates, genetic material, cell lines, infected animals, etc.) Any of the following stored in a manner known to preserve virus survival: fecal, throat, water, or sewage specimens (controls), and untyped enterovirus isolates AND collected in a place and during a time when wild poliovirus was circulating Wild poliovirus infecitous and wild poliovirus potentially infectious mateirals Wild poliovirus infectious materials are… Wild poliovirus potentially infectious materials are…

What laboratory types have these materials? 1. Wild poliovirus infectious materials: known to be infected with wild poliovirus 2. Wild poliovirus potentially infectious materials: possibly infected with wild poliovirus Types of laboratories: poliovirus/enterovirus vaccine producers/research general virology environmental Types of laboratories: clinical / research labs virology bacteriology parasitology pathology gastroenterology nutrition environmental The types of laboratories where you would most likely find wild poliovirus infectious materials are… The types of laboratories where you would most likely find wild poliovirus potentially infectious materials are...

Polio Biosafety requirements Standard biosafety requirements and nomenclature with additional requirements specific to polio (BSL X/polio): discontinuing non critical use of wild polioviruses disposing of non-essential inf or pot. Inf materials keeping accurate records on wild poliovirus stocks storing stocks in secure locations restricting access to the laboratory immunizing all laboratory staff

3 phases of laboratory containment Pre-Eradication Post-Global Eradication Post-OPV Immunization

3 phases of laboratory containment Pre-Eradication phase Nations must identify and develop an inventory of laboratories that have wild poliovirus infectious or potentially infectious materials Laboratories must institute enhanced BSL-2/polio procedures for safe handling of all such materials Nations must begin planning for the Post-Global Eradication phase

3 phases of laboratory containment Post-Global Eradication phase All laboratories possessing wild poliovirus infectious or potentially infectious materials must: Implement containment (BSL-3/polio) procedures, OR Transfer wild poliovirus infectious or potentially infectious materials to WHO designated repositories, OR Render such materials non-infectious, or destroy them, under appropriate conditions

3 phases of laboratory containment Post-OPV Immunization All laboratories possessing wild poliovirus infectious or potentially infectious materials must: Implement maximum containment (BSL-4/polio) procedures All laboratories possessing OPV and OPV derived viruses must: Implement containment (BSL-3/polio) procedures

GAP Biosafety Requirements

Containment and the Polio Eradication Timeline 2010 Post Global Eradication Phase 2003 1999 2002 2005 Pre Global Eradication Phase Last wild poliovirus case globally Global Certification of Polio Eradication Pre Cessation of OPV immunisation Phase Global Cessation of OPV immunisation