Application of HyGIS-QUAL2E : The User-Friendly Coupled QUAL2E Model with Korean Hydrological GIS Package, HyGIS Chungbuk National University, Korea Sung-Rong, HA. And In-Hyeok, Park*.

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Contents HyGIS-QUAL2ESystem IV. Conclusion III. Development & Paradigm II. Design Concepts and Algorithms I. Introduction

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Introduction Background  Requirements of environmental models can estimate and analysis environmental change are increasing,  To estimate the change using models, processes that are collecting concrete and a lot of parameters are needed  Preparation of the model parameters takes long time and techniques trained.  Focused on being able to carry out modeling effectively, it is necessary to minimize time required for collecting input data and analyzing the data.  For offering convenient modeling conditions, Ensure the scientific technologies getting spatial information for applying model to real-world Minimize the process that create input file and display output file

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Introduction Objective  Overcome handicaps of traditional method developed for coupling GIS with environmental model  It can be ensured the objectivity and scientific processes  Development of knowledge-based water-quality- evaluative system that coupling HyGIS with Qual2e model

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Introduction Scope  Development of HyGIS-Qual2E system use the HyGIS that is specified on characteristics of Korea’s watershed  It is divided into pre-processing and post-processing  Pre-Processing Automatically calculating the parameters for modeling -> creating input file  Post-Processing Development of module to display the result of modeling Development of Calibration and verification module to control re-action parameters

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Relational Database based system User-friendly system It can be connected with variable analysis system Using data ware house that include hydraulic, hydrological and spatial information To control the datum effectively, DB is designed to be relational Standardization of modeling process Minimizing processes and check the result in real time Coupling system GIS with Environmental model No need additional processes Introduction Component-based decision-making system Coupling system Scope

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Introduction HyGIS TM (Hydrological Geographic Information System)  A GIS-based system specified on the Korea characteristics of watershed  Easy constructing the required spatial information  Easy analyzing the topography of stream  Database system  A Based system for developing application  This engine is based on GEOMania™ package

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Introduction Qual2E  A steady-state water analysis program based on the uniform flow consumption  The study river has to be divided into several consecutive reaches  Reaches are divided into the elements with the same spatial step for calculation  Elements are control volume have same hydraulic characteristic  The Reach have catchments supplied water and pollution load from tributary  Delivery pollution loads allocate the reach from catchments

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Introduction Using programming language Create Database Debugging & test Design modules Design functions Design database Standardization Design data flow Strategy for developing Analysis input file Analysis output file Classification Define data flow Development Design the module (function) Design the Concept Structural analysis Order of Development

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Datum of climate Parameters of re-aeration Information of pollution Headwater Information of junction Initial condition of Temp, BOD, DO, N, P, Algae Re-action parameters of BOD, DO, N, P, Algae Hydraulic parameters Data of incremental Data of catchments of each reach Length and condition of reaches Parameters of temperature BOD, DO, N, P, Algae Basic information for modeling climate Re-aeration Point pollution Headwater Junction Initial condition III Initial condition II Reaction parameters Hydraulic parameters Incremental Catchments Reach information temperature Various parameters Control data 표제 자료 Qual2E Input Data GIS Data Delivery Coeff. Hec-Ras Input data GIS Data Design concepts and algorithms Structural analysis - Input File Incremental information of BOD, DO, N, P, Algae

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Information of elements Control data Re-aeration Point source pollution Headwater Junction Initial conditions Re-action parameters Hydraulic parameters Incremental data Catchments of reach Spatial information Parameters of Temp. Various parameters Control Title data Result of HEC- RAS incremental of BOD, DO Using delivery coeff. GIS The user Users definedAutomatic Structural analysis - Classification Design concepts and algorithms

Environment System Engineering Laboratory  Develop the special interface program to connect simulation models of water quality and GIS software  One who has lack of GIS knowledge can use the system easily  Needed Time to develop is of brief duration  GIS and environmental model can be used independently GIS Env. Models DBMS Middle Processor Pre-processor Post-processor Value Input File (Automatic) Output File (Automatic) Design concepts and algorithms Structural analysis - Flexible coupling Scheme

Environment System Engineering Laboratory QUAL2E HyGIS- QUAL2E Input file & Spatial information Output file Data warehouse HyGIS Design concepts and algorithms Structural analysis - Concept sketch of hyGIS-QUAL2E

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Design the concept – Standardization Qual2E Modeling Division reach Division element Define prosperities of element Define hydrological coeff. per reach Building stream network Import the Hec-Ras result Coordinate of reach Length of mainstream Coordinate of element Layers for defining property of element Coordinate of reach Starting/ending coordinate of mainstream Input file for Modeling Parameter of Modeling output file of Modeling sf, Area Layer of pollution load Watershed map DEM, Agree Burn DEM Flow Direction & Accumulation Mainstream DIVISION SECTION DELIVERY COEFF. Overlaying the watershed maps Input Data Allocation of water quantity Watershed map, Area MODELINGMODELING Save the result of Hec-Ras on the HyGIS-DB Calculate a length of mainstream Reach division considering length Finding element which is the shortest length between members of layer and mainstream After designating headwater, Divide a watershed using coordinate of reach Create a input file for modeling using HyGIS-DB Receiving parameter, modifying the input file Calibration & verification using output of modeling Calculate of Using Divided Watershed Assignment of delivered pollution using overlaying watershed layer and pollution layer Using Component of HyGIS Strategies of Development Distribution of water quantity using watershed area N.P.S load per provinces Tracking the outlet point of pollusion Create input file Sub-catchment division Calculating delivery coeff. Calibration/Verification, chart Create diagram Design concepts and algorithms

Environment System Engineering Laboratory HyGISQual2E Model Spatial Data DB Non-Spatial Data DB Data WarehousePre-Processor Post-Processor Create input file Element division P.S. load into element Sub-catchments division Calibration/Verification, chart VALUEVALUE Input Data Output Data Input Data Simulation Model Input Data Middle Processor Ext. Data (ASCII) Hec-Ras Delivery Coefficient Building stream network Division reach Definition of Hydrological Coefficient per Reach Allocation of water quantity Calculation of Delivery coeff. Design concepts and algorithms Design the concept – Structural design

Environment System Engineering Laboratory  Height and Velocity are calculated Using Hec-Ras  Input data : a section of stream, water quantity 3 set or more per section  Draw the dispersion of Q-V, Q-H per a section  All of the Reach have same hydraulic condition  Hydraulic coefficients per Reach apply to Qual2E Design concepts and algorithms Design the Module – Division Reach

Environment System Engineering Laboratory  Calculating the length of Reach along the direction of stream (L reach )  Saving length of Element defined by users (L element )  Divided number of Element per (E i ) = L reach / L element  After reiterating the calculation as the number of Reach, Calculating the total number of element( Σ E i )  Mediated Length of Element=L stream / Σ E i  Define the prosperities of Element(Headwater, Junction, etc.) Reach Length of element Element E The element is divide into five Design concepts and algorithms Design the Module – Division Element

Environment System Engineering Laboratory  Using the outlet point of reach, watershed is divided  Spatial information about divided watershed and entire watershed are calculated and saved Creating outlet pointTransferring data DEM Grid Division watershed Design concepts and algorithms Design the Module – Division watershed

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Design the Module – Calculation of N.P.S. pollution load  Calculating of discharged pollution load per catchments Overlaying divided watershed map and province map -> calculating the area of province in catchments Using ratio of the area and unit pollution load of province, discharged pollution load is calculated Define the delivery coefficient P M = P O × K K = e -Φ · Sf Calculation of regressive equation Delivery coefficient, K calculate using value of Sf and Φ Calculating the delivery pollution load using K Lk L 면적 Kg/d/L = Kg/d/m (Kg/d/m) × Lk = discharged pollution (Kg/d/m) × Lk ×K = delivered pollution Design concepts and algorithms

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Design the Module – Calculation of P.S. pollution load  Tracking the outlet point of pollution on the stream and allocating the pollution load on the element DEMFlow direction Extracting Outlet Point Flow accumulation TAV Calculating Threshold Accumulation value Design concepts and algorithms

Environment System Engineering Laboratory <tracking the P.S. pollution using Flow Path <allocation N.P.S. pollution loads using overlaying maps <Watershed> <Overlaying>  Using overlaying watershed map and pollution load map  Delivery coefficients are taken role in each catchments as a weight Allocating the pollution on catchments Calculating pollution loads Design concepts and algorithms Design the Module – Calculation of pollution loads

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Data Model Spatial Data modelNon-Spatial Data model Design concepts and algorithms

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Algorithm Input File (ASCII) QUAL2EQUAL2E Input Data DB Dataware House Output File (ASCII) Output Data DB QUAL2E Modeling Re-action parameters K1, K3, K4 Calibration/Verification Result of modeling Re-action parameters Display the result OK? END NO Yes Transfering Process Design concepts and algorithms

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Development & paradigm

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Development & paradigm

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Development & paradigm

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Development & paradigm

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Figure 13) Create watershed Grid to Polygon Development & paradigm

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Development & paradigm

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Development & paradigm

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Development & paradigm

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Development & paradigm

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Development & paradigm

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Conclusion  This research aims to develop a program HyGIS- Qual2E by which an input data file of the river water quality model can be prepared automatically  HyGIS-QUAL2E is water quality analysis system based on DBMS  Because DB is established relationally, Datum can be managed and transferred effectively  It is not necessary additional process, probability of occurring errors and spending time for modeling will be decreasing.

Environment System Engineering Laboratory Conclusion  Gives the model users to be convenient handling of the model  Suggest the established rule for preparation  Users can cope with the difficulties to expend the utilities of the program to wider