Subdivisions of Human Memory DECLARATIVE (EXPLICIT) NONDECLARATIVE (IMPLICIT) FACTS EVENTS PROCEDURAL (SKILLS AND HABITS) PRIMING SIMPLE CLASSICAL.

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Presentation transcript:

Subdivisions of Human Memory DECLARATIVE (EXPLICIT) NONDECLARATIVE (IMPLICIT) FACTS EVENTS PROCEDURAL (SKILLS AND HABITS) PRIMING SIMPLE CLASSICAL CONDITIONING NONASSOCIATIVE LEARNING EMOTIONAL RESPONSES SKELETAL MUSCULATURE MEDIAL TEMPORAL LOBE STRIATUM NEOCORTEX AMYGDALA CEREBELLUM REFLEX PATHWAYS Milner B, Squire LR, Kandel ER: "Cognitive neuroscience and the study of memory". Neuron 1998, 20:445-468.

Classical Conditioning (an example of implicit memory) Ivan Pavlov

Implicit Memory: Pavlovian Associative Conditioning Conditioned Stimulus Unconditioned Response

Implicit Memory: Fear Conditioning TRAINING CONTEXTUAL TEST CUED TEST Animal is placed in novel context Hears a tone Receives foot shock Animal is returned to same context Test for freezing behavior Animal is placed in modified context

Implicit memory: Conditioned Taste Aversion DAY 1 B 1.0 1st Exposure to Food Item 0.8 0.6 grams blueberry bar 0.4 Injection of LiCl or NaCl 0.2 DAY 2 0.0 LiCl NaCl Grams Ingested on 2nd Exposure (LiCl treated group compared to NaCl treated control) 2nd Exposure to Food Item

Implicit Memory: Neophobia DAY 1 1st Exposure to Food Item 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1st intake 2nd intake grams blueberry bar DAY 2 2nd Exposure to Food Item Grams Ingested (1st exposure compared to second exposure)

(Distinction between short-term Hermann Ebbinghaus (Distinction between short-term and long term memory)

Ebbinghaus Test ZOG MIF XEL RIC DAJ NEQ SOR YAN QIJ GEB Memorize this set of words ZOG MIF XEL RIC DAJ NEQ SOR YAN QIJ GEB

(keep the words in mind!) Wait for 1 minute (keep the words in mind!)

Write down the words in sequence Did anyone get all 10 right?

By testing subjects after various delays Ebbinghaus developed the concept of short-term and long term memory Sensory Information Working Memory/Short term Memory (Minutes) Long Term Memory (Hours/Days/Years)

Working Memory Requires Frontal Lobe Function neuro3e-fig-01-12-3.jpg

Declarative Memory Required the Hippocampus neuro3e-fig-01-12-4.jpg

neuro3e-fig-01-12-6.jpg